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溫室辣椒時空虧缺灌溉需水特性與產(chǎn)量的試驗
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    根據(jù)全自動溫室內(nèi)辣椒田間試驗資料,,研究了時空虧缺灌溉下辣椒需水特性及其對產(chǎn)量的影響,。結(jié)果表明,在辣椒調(diào)虧灌溉的部分生育期引入分根交替灌溉后,灌水溝兩側(cè)土壤含水率呈現(xiàn)交替上升和下降的現(xiàn)象,可以使辣椒根系經(jīng)受一定程度的干旱考驗。充分供水條件下,辣椒全生育期耗水量以結(jié)果盛期為最大,苗期和開花座果期其次,,結(jié)果后期最小,各階段耗水模系數(shù)分別為39.96%,、22.91%,、19.34%和17.79%,各生育期供水量和灌水方式均會影響辣椒的耗水量,。為了取得高產(chǎn)和較高的水分利用效率,,苗期應(yīng)進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)母稻鶆蛩痔澣保_花座果期及時復(fù)水,,結(jié)果盛期和結(jié)果后期分別采用根系均勻虧缺灌溉和分根交替灌溉,。

    Abstract:

    Based on field experimental data gained at automatization greenhouse in water-saving park of Hohai University, character of water demand and yield of space-time deficit irrigation for hot pepper in greenhouse was studied. The results indicated that soil water content at two sides of furrow fluctuated with the introduction of the alternate partial root-zone irrigation during regulated deficit irrigation at some stage of hot pepper, which could enhance the adsorptive ability of root system. Under the condition of abundant water supplying, the maximum water consumption was at vigorous growing stage, followed by seedling stage and bloom and fruit setting stage, relatively small at later fruit-bearing stage, which respectively accounted for 39.96%, 22.91%, 19.34% and 17.19% of total water consumption. The effects of drought stress and irrigation model at different growing stages on evapotranspiration were significant. In order to attain high yield and high water use efficiency (WUE), moderate uniform deficit irrigation should be introduced to two sides of root-zone at seeding stage, re-water at bloom and fruit setting stages, uniform deficit irrigation and alternate partial root-zone irrigation should be adopted at vigorous growing stage and later fruit-bearing stage, respectively. 

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邵光成,劉娜,陳磊.溫室辣椒時空虧缺灌溉需水特性與產(chǎn)量的試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2008,39(4):117-121.[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2008,39(4):117-121.

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