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微咸水入滲水量對土壤水鹽運移特征的影響
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Effect on Characteristics of Soil Water and Salt Movement about Saline Water Infiltration with Different Infiltration Amount
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    摘要:

    通過室內(nèi)3g/L微咸水的入滲試驗,,分析了不同微咸水入滲水量對土壤剖面含水率、含鹽量、脫鹽效率和陽離子分布的影響,。結(jié)果表明,,利用3g/L的微咸水進(jìn)行垂直一維積水入滲,,入滲水量較小時,,基質(zhì)勢是水分運動的主要動力,,入滲量繼續(xù)增大時,,重力勢逐漸取代基質(zhì)勢成為水分運動的主要動力,;采用3g/L的微咸水入滲,可以使上層土壤脫鹽,,但使?jié)駶欎h處的含鹽量急劇增加且達(dá)到最大值,;濕潤鋒處含鹽量與入滲水量符合指數(shù)函數(shù)關(guān)系,主根區(qū)的脫鹽效率隨著累積入滲量的增加而減小,。在利用微咸水進(jìn)行農(nóng)田灌溉時,,一方面要考慮鹽分的淋洗效果,另一方面要兼顧脫鹽效率,,才能使土壤可持續(xù)利用,。

    Abstract:

    For the sake of rational exploitation and utilization of shallow layer underground saline water, through laboratory infiltration experiment in Nanpi Ecological Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science, soil moisture content, salinity, desalting efficiency and cation distribution were analyzed with saline water of 3g/L. Its purpose was to study the soil infiltration characteristics irrigated with saline water in North China. The results showed that under the vertical one-dimensional ponding infiltration with saline water of 3g/L, matric potential was the main driving force of water movement when the infiltration amount was comparatively small; gravity potential gradually replaced the matric potential to become major driving force for water movement when infiltration amount became lager; upper soil would be desalted and soil salt content would increase to reach maximum infiltrated with saline water of 3g/L; relationship between soil salt content in wetting front and infiltration amount according with the exponential function, desalting efficiency of active rooting zone negatively correlated with cumulative infiltration. In short, with saline water was used in farm irrigation, both the effect of salt leaching and the desalting efficiency must be considered to make soil used sustainably.

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吳忠東,王全九.微咸水入滲水量對土壤水鹽運移特征的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2010,41(11):67-71. Effect on Characteristics of Soil Water and Salt Movement about Saline Water Infiltration with Different Infiltration Amount[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2010,41(11):67-71.

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