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作物殘茬覆蓋農(nóng)田地表土壤抗風(fēng)蝕效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)
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國家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(40861013)


Testing on Anti-wind Erosion Effect of Soil for Crop Stubble Coverage Farmlands
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    摘要:

    采用野外移動(dòng)式風(fēng)蝕風(fēng)洞原位測(cè)試方法,,對(duì)陰山北麓農(nóng)牧交錯(cuò)區(qū)不同作物殘茬覆蓋的農(nóng)田土壤抗風(fēng)蝕效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究。結(jié)果表明:農(nóng)田地表的風(fēng)蝕量隨地表作物殘茬蓋度的增大而減小;在高風(fēng)速下隨殘茬蓋度的增大,,其抑制風(fēng)蝕效果愈加顯著,。農(nóng)田土壤的風(fēng)蝕模數(shù)隨風(fēng)速的增大而增加,,在12~18m/s風(fēng)速時(shí)保護(hù)性耕作農(nóng)田風(fēng)蝕模數(shù)比傳統(tǒng)耕作農(nóng)田降低40.42%~77.42%,。風(fēng)蝕模數(shù)隨地表空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)粗糙度的增大而減小,。保護(hù)性耕作帶寬度達(dá)到5.25m以后,具有更加顯著的抗風(fēng)蝕效果,。

    Abstract:

    Soil erosion experiment was conducted by the way of field fixed poison measurement by taking use of a movable wind erosion tunnel in order to explore anti-wind erosion effect of crop stubble coverage farmland in ecotone between agriculture and animal husbandry in north areas of Yinshan mountain. The results showed that soil wind erosion amount for all of the five kinds of soil surfaces decreased with the increasing of crop stubble coverage and the anti-wind erosion effect was more remarkable with the increasing of crop stubble coverage at the high speeds. The wind erosion module of farmland soil increased with the increasing of wind speed and the reducing rate of wind erosion module of conservation tillage farmland was 40.42%~77.42% with the wind speed of 12~18m/s in comparison with conventional tillage farmland. The wind erosion module reduced with the increasing of aerodynamic roughness length. Anti-wind erosion effect of conservation tillage farmland will tend to be more significant when its effective width to resist wind erosion reaches to 5.25m.

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趙永來,陳智,孫悅超,王榮蓮.作物殘茬覆蓋農(nóng)田地表土壤抗風(fēng)蝕效應(yīng)試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2011,42(6):38-42,37. Zhao Yonglai, Chen Zhi, Sun Yuechao, Wang Ronglian. Testing on Anti-wind Erosion Effect of Soil for Crop Stubble Coverage Farmlands[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2011,42(6):38-42,37.

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