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外源微生物對苦參基質(zhì)化發(fā)酵腐熟效果的影響
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2014BAD05B02),、寧夏自治區(qū)自然科學基金資助項目(NZ1228)和寧夏自治區(qū)寧陜合作項目(2012ZYH110)


Effects of Exogenous Microorganisms on Fermentation Efficiency of Sophora Flavescens Branches for Substrate Production
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    摘要:

    為探討外源微生物對苦參枝屑基質(zhì)化發(fā)酵堆體腐熟效果的影響,采用隨機區(qū)組設(shè)計,,以干燥雞糞為氮源,,進行接種外源微生物對苦參枝屑基質(zhì)化發(fā)酵過程中發(fā)酵性能參數(shù)的影響試驗,。結(jié)果表明:接種粗纖維降解菌和纖維素類酶制劑堆體升溫速度顯著快于對照,,高溫持續(xù)時間較長(高于50℃,,均達到5d),,苦參堆體腐熟時間縮短,;至堆體結(jié)束后接種粗纖維降解菌和纖維素類酶制劑堆體TOC分別下降了8.52%和8.01%,,碳氮比分別降低5.35%和5.00%,纖維素質(zhì)量分數(shù)分別下降了3.31%和3.29%,,半纖維素降解率分別下降了2.89%和2.93%,,木質(zhì)素分別下降了2.01%和1.98,,總氮分別增加了18.2%和16.1%,總磷分別增加了19.0%和18.5%,,總鉀分別增加了48.1%和49.1%,,加速了苦參基質(zhì)有機質(zhì)的分解和纖維素降解,提高了堆肥腐熟進程中的總氮,、總磷和總鉀含量,,保證了腐熟后的肥力;接種粗纖維降解菌和纖維素類酶制劑堆體容重分別增加了6.10%和9.20%,,總孔隙度分別增加了9.28%和9.90%,,持水孔隙度分別增加了4.83%和6.09%,腐熟后的各項理化指標均符合理想基質(zhì)的要求,;小白菜和黃瓜種子發(fā)芽指數(shù)均達到85%以上,,有效消除了苦參腐解產(chǎn)物的毒害作用。接種粗纖維降解菌和纖維素類酶制劑堆體的發(fā)酵性能參數(shù)間無顯著差異,,綜合基質(zhì)發(fā)酵溫度,、腐熟周期及基質(zhì)保護作物根系生長及固定植株的功能對基質(zhì)各項理化性質(zhì)的要求,接種粗纖維降解菌和纖維素類酶制劑對苦參基質(zhì)堆體基質(zhì)化促進效果較優(yōu),。

    Abstract:

    The study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous microorganisms on fermentation efficiency of Sophora flavescens branches for substrate production. The randomized block design was used with dried chicken manure as the nitrogen source. The effects of exogenous microorganisms on fermentation performance parameters of Sophora flavescens branches in substrate production were studied. The results showed that the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, which had a persistent high temperature (higher than 50℃ and reached to 5d) and a shorter body decomposition time of Sophora flavescens, had a significant temperature increasing speed which faster than CK. At the end of the pile, for the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, the TOC decreased by 8.52% and 8.01%, C/N ratio decreased by 5.35% and 5.00%, content of cellulose decreased by 3.31% and 3.29%, degradation rate of hemicellulose decreased by 2.89% and 2.93%, lignin content decreased by 2.01% and 1.98%, total nitrogen increased by 16.1% and 18.2%, total phosphorus increased by 18.5% and 19.0%, total potassium increased by 49.1% and 48.1%, respectively, which accelerated the decomposition of organic matter and cellulose, improved the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium and ensured the fertility after maturity. Moreover, with the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation, the pile density increased by 6.10% and 9.20%, the total porosity increased by 9.28% and 9.90%, the water holding porosity increased by 4.83% and 6.09%, respectively. After the maturity, the physical and chemical indicators were in line with the requirements of an ideal matrix. The germination index (GI) of cabbage and cucumber seed were up to more than 85%, eliminating the toxic effects of Sophora decomposing products effectively. There was no significant difference between the performance parameters of vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation. Considering the demanding of fermentation temperature, decomposition cycle, crop protected plant root growth and fixed function of the physicochemical properties, the vaccination crude fiber degrading bacteria inoculation and cellulose enzyme preparation had a good promoting effect on Sophora flavescens substrate.

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馮海萍,曲繼松,楊冬艷,張麗娟,郭文忠.外源微生物對苦參基質(zhì)化發(fā)酵腐熟效果的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(1):192-199. Feng Haiping, Qu Jisong, Yang Dongyan, Zhang Lijuan, Guo Wenzhong. Effects of Exogenous Microorganisms on Fermentation Efficiency of Sophora Flavescens Branches for Substrate Production[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(1):192-199.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-06-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-01-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-01-10
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