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涌泉根灌肥液入滲水氮運移特性研究
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國家自然科學基金資助項目(51279157,、51479161)、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃資助項目(2011BAD29B04)和陜西省科技計劃資助項目(2011k01—22)


Transport Characteristics of Water and Nitrogen under Bubbled-root Irrigation with Fertilizer Solution
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    摘要:

    為了提高涌泉根灌模式下水肥利用率,減少氮肥流失與深層滲漏,通過涌泉根灌肥液入滲田間試驗,研究了不同肥液質(zhì)量濃度涌泉根灌入滲濕潤體及其水氮運移特性,,揭示了涌泉根灌土壤入滲量和濕潤鋒運移距離隨肥液質(zhì)量濃度的變化關系;建立了不同肥液質(zhì)量濃度涌泉根灌入滲量和濕潤鋒運移經(jīng)驗模型;分析了入滲濕潤深度范圍內(nèi)肥液質(zhì)量濃度分別對土壤NO-3N和NH+4N含量分布特性的影響,。結(jié)果表明:肥液質(zhì)量濃度增大,單位面積累計入滲量隨入滲時間增加而增大,,并且入滲量和濕潤鋒運移距離均與入滲時間呈極顯著冪函數(shù)關系,,決定系數(shù)分別達到0.98和0.96,均大于臨界相關系數(shù)rα(0.6055);入滲再分布階段,,肥液質(zhì)量濃度41.7g/L能更好地保證棗樹根系水分的吸收,,而不同肥液質(zhì)量濃度對土壤氮素轉(zhuǎn)化率影響有所不同,硝態(tài)氮轉(zhuǎn)化率基本不明顯,,而肥液質(zhì)量濃度為33.3g/L時銨態(tài)氮轉(zhuǎn)化率最高,。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the utilization rates of water and fertilizer and reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer and deep seepage under bubbled-root irrigation, the change features of soil wetted body as well as the water and nitrogen movement characteristics with different fertilizer solution concentrations were studied. The relation between the cumulative infiltration volume and transportation distance of wetting front with the change of solution concentration was presented. Besides, the empirical models for cumulative infiltration volume and wetting front transportation distance were established under bubbled-root irrigation; the impact of fertilizer solution concentration on the distribution laws of NO-3N and NH+4N content within the scope of infiltration depth was analyzed. The results of the experiment showed that when the liquid concentration was increased, the cumulative infiltration in unit area was increased with time, and both infiltration amount and wetting front transportation distance showed remarkable power function relationship with infiltration time. The determination coefficients were up to 0.98 and 0.96, respectively, which were greater than the critical correlation index (0.6055); in the redistribution of infiltration, the liquid concentration of 41.7g/L could guarantee better water absorption of jujube root, the influences of different concentrations of nitrogen on conversion rate of soil were different, the conversion rate of nitrate nitrogen was not significant, and the conversion rate of ammonium nitrogen of 33.3g/L was the highest.

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費良軍,傅渝亮,何振嘉,聶衛(wèi)波,王博,王龍飛.涌泉根灌肥液入滲水氮運移特性研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(6):121-129. Fei Liangjun, Fu Yuliang, He Zhenjia, Nie Weibo, Wang Bo, Wang Longfei. Transport Characteristics of Water and Nitrogen under Bubbled-root Irrigation with Fertilizer Solution[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(6):121-129.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-11-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-06-10
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