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Biodiversity provides the necessary resources and living environment for human life, which is a core component of the earths life-support system. Opencast coal mining destroys a considerable number of land resources. Meanwhile, series of ecological problems were triggered, such as vegetation damage, the destruction of structure and function of landscape and biodiversity loss, etc. Land reclamation is an activity making damaged land to reach available state through taking remediation measures; of course, it is also the recovery process of biodiversity. Therefore, it is greatly significant to promote the coordinated development of economy and environment on the study of conservation and restoration of biodiversity in land reclamation of opencast coal mine. The connotation and research which focus on biodiversity and disturbance and recovery features of conservation and restoration of biodiversity in the process of mining and land reclamation of opencast coal mine were briefly introduced. In the aspect of biodiversity conservation of opencast coal mine, some study progresses on investigation, monitoring and evaluation of biodiversity, damage assessment and forecasting were concentrated on. In the aspect of biodiversity restoration of opencast coal mine, the researches on soil habitat reconstruction, revegetation, reclamation landscape structure, and ecological function of biodiversity reengineering were mainly discussed. Relevant regulations and policies for conservation and restoration of biodiversity in land reclamation of opencast coal mine were interpreted. Finally, the future research about conservation and restoration of biodiversity in land reclamation of opencast coal mine were looked forward. It may provide some ideas for further promoting the research in this area.