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不同生育期水分虧缺對春青稞水分利用和產(chǎn)量的影響
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(201203077-03-04)


Effects of Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Water Use and Yield of Spring Highland Barley and Yield of Spring Highland Barley
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    摘要:

    對不同生育期水分虧缺程度對春青稞(Hordeum vulgare)水分利用效率和產(chǎn)量的影響進(jìn)行了桶栽試驗(yàn)研究,。試驗(yàn)處理設(shè)充分灌溉處理(2個水分控制下限和秸稈覆蓋)以及在全生育期和5個不同生育期的4個水分虧缺程度(輕度,、中度、重度和極度)處理,,共27個處理,。結(jié)果表明,,在充分灌溉條件下,75%田間持水率水分下限控制處理的春青稞收獲指數(shù),、籽粒產(chǎn)量和作物水分利用效率大于80%水分處理,;秸稈覆蓋處理的籽粒產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率在所有試驗(yàn)處理中最大。在全生育期水分虧缺條件下,,春青稞籽粒產(chǎn)量均小于充分灌溉處理,,且隨著水分虧缺程度的增大而顯著減?。惠p度至重度水分虧缺處理可獲得更大的作物收獲指數(shù)和水分利用效率,,但極度水分虧缺卻導(dǎo)致最低的籽粒產(chǎn)量,、收獲指數(shù)和水分利用效率。除成熟期水分虧缺處理外,,不同生育期水分虧缺處理?xiàng)l件下,,春青稞籽粒產(chǎn)量和作物水分利用效率基本隨著水分虧缺程度的增大而減小,;拔節(jié)期,、分蘗期和灌漿期水分虧缺對籽粒產(chǎn)量的不利影響較大。地表秸稈覆蓋或全生育期輕度至重度水分虧缺處理可提高春青稞水分利用效率,。

    Abstract:

    Highland barley is the main food crop in high altitude cold region of Tibet. Effects of water deficit levels at different growth stages on the water use efficiency and yield of spring highland barley (Hordeum vulgare) were studied by barrel cultivated experiments. Experimental treatments included full irrigation treatment (two controlled lower limits on soil moisture content and straw mulching) as well as four water deficit levels (mild, moderate, severe and extreme deficits) in the whole growth period and five different growth stages, respectively, and the total treatments were 27. Experimental results showed that the harvest index, grain yield and water use efficiency of spring highland barley in the treatment with the water controlled lower limit of 75% of field capacity (FC) were greater than those of 80% FC treatment, and straw mulching treatment resulted in the largest grain yield and crop water use efficiency in all experimental treatments under full irrigation condition. Under the condition of various water deficit levels in the whole growth period, the grain yield of spring highland barley was smaller than that of full irrigation treatment, and it was decreased significantly with the increase of water deficit level. Water deficit from mild to severe levels obtained larger harvest index and crop water use efficiency, but extreme deficiency on water supply resulted in the lowest grain yield, harvest index and crop water use efficiency under various water deficit treatments in the whole growth period. The grain yield and crop water use efficiency under water deficit treatments at different growth stages of spring highland barley were basically decreased with the increase of water deficit level except the treatment with water deficit at ripening stage, and the effect of water deficit at jointing, tillering and filling stages on grain yield was greater than that at other growth stages. Straw mulching or water deficit with mild to severe levels in the whole growth period of spring highland barley can improve crop water use efficiency, and their effects in practice are deserved to be paid more attentions.

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時學(xué)雙,李法虎,閆寶瑩,何東,普布多吉,曲珍.不同生育期水分虧缺對春青稞水分利用和產(chǎn)量的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2015,46(10):144-151,265. Shi Xueshuang, Li Fahu, Yan Baoying, He Dong, Pubu Duoji, Qu Zhen. Effects of Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Water Use and Yield of Spring Highland Barley and Yield of Spring Highland Barley[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(10):144-151,265.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-12-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-10-10
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