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蓄水坑灌下矮砧蘋果園水分監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)位置研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51109154、51249002,、51579168),、高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金資助項(xiàng)目(20111402120006,、20121402110009)和山西省科技攻關(guān)資助項(xiàng)目(20110311018-1,、20140311016-6)


Monitoring Locations of Soil Water Content in Water Storage Pit Irrigated Dwarfing Apple Tree Orchard
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    摘要:

    以蓄水坑灌(坑深40 cm)下的5 a生矮砧富士蘋果樹為研究對(duì)象,,通過田間測(cè)定直徑小于等于2 mm的吸水根分布和不同位置的土壤含水率情況,,采用數(shù)據(jù)擬合和聚類分析的方法,,探討蓄水坑灌下矮砧蘋果樹土壤水分監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)的合理布置,。結(jié)果表明:①蓄水坑灌下,,蘋果樹吸水根在水平方向上主要分布于距樹干0~90 cm范圍內(nèi),其根長(zhǎng)密度占總根系的90%以上,;垂直深度上主要分布于距地表0~120 cm深度范圍內(nèi),,其根長(zhǎng)密度占總根系的80%以上,并在40~60 cm深度達(dá)到生長(zhǎng)峰值,,其根長(zhǎng)密度占總根系的40%以上,。②以Dr90(距離樹干90 cm,深度0~120 cm)監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)為含水率分析區(qū)域,,通過水分分布曲線擬合和聚類分析得出,,Dr90監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)60 cm深度處的含水率可〖JP2〗代表整個(gè)0~120 cm深度剖面的含水率情況,并利用2013年的實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,,含水率相對(duì)誤差在±5%范圍內(nèi),。

    Abstract:

    Soil water content (SWC) is of great importance to establish an appropriate irrigation scheme. The study object is 5-year-old dwarf apple trees under water storage pit irrigation method (depth 40 cm). In order to find an optimal SWC monitoring location, the distribution of apple tree fine roots (d≤2 mm) at different locations and SWCs within the root zone were studied and analyzed with regression and cluster analysis methods. The results showed that over 90% fine roots of apple tree were within 0~90 cm from the apple tree trunk in horizontal direction, while over 80% fine roots were within 0~120 cm from the apple tree trunk in vertical direction. The growth peak of fine roots was within 40~60 cm depth which accounted for over 40% of total fine roots. Meanwhile, the monitoring points were located at 90 cm away from the trunk (Dr90). SWC distribution in vertical direction of the Dr90 monitoring points was accorded with exponential function, with correlation coefficient greater than 0.8. Through sorting the SWC at six different depths in Dr90 with R type hierarchical clustering method, it showed that the soil moisture sensors in 60 cm can be used to represent the SWC condition within 0~120 cm depth. The SWC error between the simulations and observations in 2013 was within ±5%. The experimental results suggested that the profile (depth 60 cm) of SWC measured in the Dr90 was sufficient to estimate the water consumption amount under the water storage pit irrigation in the orchard.

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鄭利劍,馬娟娟,郭飛,任榮,郭向紅,孫西歡.蓄水坑灌下矮砧蘋果園水分監(jiān)測(cè)點(diǎn)位置研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(10):160-166. Zheng Lijian, Ma Juanjuan, Guo Fei, Ren Rong, Guo Xianghong, Sun Xihuan. Monitoring Locations of Soil Water Content in Water Storage Pit Irrigated Dwarfing Apple Tree Orchard[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(10):160-166.

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  • 收稿日期:2014-12-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-10-10
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