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有機(jī)肥與化肥配施對(duì)廣藿香生長、品質(zhì)及土壤養(yǎng)分的影響
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國家科技重大專項(xiàng)資助項(xiàng)目(2012ZX09304006)


Effects of Compound Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth, Quality of Pogostemon cablin and Soil Nutrient on Growth, Quality of Pogostemon cablin and Soil Nutrient
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    摘要:

    設(shè)置有機(jī)肥與化肥不同配比的8個(gè)處理:100%有機(jī)肥,、75%有機(jī)肥+25%化肥,、60%有機(jī)肥+40%化肥,、50%有機(jī)肥+50%化肥,、40%有機(jī)肥+60%化肥,、25%有機(jī)肥+75%化肥與100%化肥,,并以不施肥為對(duì)照(CK),,研究不同施肥處理對(duì)廣藿香生長、產(chǎn)量,、油量,、品質(zhì)及廣藿香基地土壤養(yǎng)分含量的影響。結(jié)果表明不同施肥處理都促進(jìn)廣藿香產(chǎn)量,、油量,、品質(zhì)及土壤養(yǎng)分含量的提高,但處理之間差異明顯,。產(chǎn)量及油量以75%有機(jī)肥+25%化肥處理最高,,分別比對(duì)照平均增產(chǎn)31.58%和168.10%,60%有機(jī)肥+40%化肥處理次之,,50%有機(jī)肥+50%化肥處理居中,;廣藿香株高、莖粗,、分蘗數(shù),、葉面積指數(shù)等生長指標(biāo)以及12種主要化學(xué)成分(β-廣藿香烯、α-愈創(chuàng)木烯,、刺蕊草烯,、α-廣藿香烯、δ-愈創(chuàng)木烯,、苦橙油醇,、β-欖香烯、異石竹烯,、β-愈創(chuàng)木烯,、反式-丁香烯、廣藿香酮,、廣藿香醇),、水溶性和醇溶性浸出物等品質(zhì)指標(biāo)都以75%有機(jī)肥+25%化肥處理最高。廣藿香基地土壤中有機(jī)質(zhì),、堿解氮,、速效磷和速效鉀含量以100%有機(jī)肥,、75%有機(jī)肥+25%化肥、60%有機(jī)肥+40%化肥,、50%有機(jī)肥+50%化肥處理含量較高,其中100%有機(jī)肥處理最高,,4個(gè)處理間差異不顯著,。結(jié)論得出,75%有機(jī)肥+25%化肥配施是適合廣藿香施肥的方案,。

    Abstract:

    Pogostemon cablin belongs to Labiatae, with reputation in the domestic and foreign markets. The Hainan Patchouli, in addition to medicine, due to high oil content, is also used to extract volatile oil for export. To test the effects of compound application of organic and chemical fertilizers on Patchouli plants, eight treatments of compound fertilizer mixed with organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer were set to study their influences on Patchouli growth, yield, oil, quality and soil nutrient contents. The treatments were set as organic fertilizer of 100% (100% OF), chemical fertilizer of 100% (100% CF), 75% OF+25% CF, 60% OF+40% CF, 50% OF+50% CF, 40% OF+60% CF, 25% OF+75% CF and no fertilizer as control (CK). The results showed that different fertilization treatments promoted the improvement of Patchouli yield, oil, quality and soil nutrient contents, but an significant difference was presented between different treatments. The yield and oil were the highest in 75% OF+25% CF treatment, which was 31.58% and 168.10% higher than those of CK, respectively, followed by 60% OF+30% CF and 50% OF+50% CF treatments. The growth indexes of Patchouli, such as plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers and leaf area index, and the qualities of the 12 kinds of main chemical components (β-Patchouliene, α-guaiene, exogenous squalene, α-patchoulene, δ-guaiene, nerolidol, β-elemene, caryophyllene, β-guaiene, trans-caryophyllene, pogostone, patchouli alcohol), water soluble and alcohol soluble extracts in 75% OF +25% CF treatment were the highest. Organic matter, alkali solution nitrogen, available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil were higher in 100% OF, 75% OF +25% CF,, 60% OF +40% CF, and 50% OF +50% CF treatments, and 100% OF treatment got the highest values, the difference between the four treatments was not significant. Therefore, the treatment of 75% OF +25% CF could be suitable for Patchouli fertilization scheme.

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盧麗蘭,楊新全,趙世翔,王旭東.有機(jī)肥與化肥配施對(duì)廣藿香生長,、品質(zhì)及土壤養(yǎng)分的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(10):184-191. Lu Lilan, Yang Xinquan, Zhao Shixiang, Wang Xudong. Effects of Compound Application of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth, Quality of Pogostemon cablin and Soil Nutrient on Growth, Quality of Pogostemon cablin and Soil Nutrient[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(10):184-191.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-07-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-10-10
  • 出版日期: 2015-10-10
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