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黑龍江省灌溉用水效率指標(biāo)體系空間格局研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(51479032,、51279031)、水利部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)經(jīng)費(fèi)資助項(xiàng)目(201301096),、黑龍江省高校長(zhǎng)江學(xué)者后備支持計(jì)劃資助項(xiàng)目和黑龍江省水利廳科技資助項(xiàng)目(201318,、201503)


Spatial Distribution of Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Index System in Heilongjiang Province
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    針對(duì)黑龍江省灌溉用水效率低下等問(wèn)題,,基于地統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)理論,,對(duì)黑龍江省灌溉用水效率指標(biāo)體系及其影響因素的空間分布特征進(jìn)行研究,。結(jié)果表明:從全方向上看,,田間水利用效率受空間結(jié)構(gòu)的影響最大,,其空間正相關(guān)范圍最大為145 km,;灌溉水利用效率受空間結(jié)構(gòu)的影響次之,空間正相關(guān)范圍為124 km,;渠系水利用效率受隨機(jī)因素影響較大,,空間正相關(guān)范圍最小,為73 km,。大慶,、哈爾濱、綏化3地交界處,,灌溉水利用效率,、渠系水利用效率與田間水利用效率均出現(xiàn)高值,雞西的雞東縣3個(gè)指標(biāo)值均出現(xiàn)低值,。自然因素對(duì)灌溉用水效率的影響小于人為因素,,其中降水量與灌溉水利用效率、田間水利用效率呈現(xiàn)負(fù)相關(guān)

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    Heilongjiang Province is one of the most important commodity grain bases in China. Because the territory of Heilongjiang Province is very vast, and the natural conditions and management mode are different, the diversity of irrigation water use efficiency in different regions in Heilongjiang Province is very remarkable. In 2013, the average irrigation water use efficiency in Heilongjiang Province was only 53%, which was lower than the average level in China. Therefore, in order to study the problems of low irrigation water use efficiency in Heilongjiang Province, the spatial distribution and influencing factors of irrigation water use efficiency index system were analyzed according to the geo-statistics theory by using GIS technology. The results showed that for the variation coefficients of all the variables, the intact rate of irrigation engineering was the biggest, and the evapotranspiration was the smallest. The field water use efficiency had the greatest influence; its positive spatial autocorrelation range was 145 km. And the positive spatial autocorrelation range of irrigation water use efficiency was 124 km; the water conveyance efficiency was mainly affected by random factors, its scale of positive spatial autocorrelation was 73 km. The Kriging maps showed that the three indexes had high values in Daqing, Harbin, Suihua Cities and their vicinities. The influence of natural factors was less than that of human factors on irrigation water use efficiency. There were negative correlations respectively between rainfall and irrigation water use efficiency, field water use efficiency. Improving the proportion of irrigation water saving area and the intact rate of irrigation engineering had significant driving to field water use efficiency and the water conveyance efficiency. The study results had important significance to the improvement of water saving in different regions in Heilongjiang Province.

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付強(qiáng),劉巍,劉東,李天霄.黑龍江省灌溉用水效率指標(biāo)體系空間格局研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2015,46(12):127-132. Fu Qiang, Liu Wei, Liu Dong, Li Tianxiao. Spatial Distribution of Irrigation Water Use Efficiency Index System in Heilongjiang Province[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(12):127-132.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-08-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-12-10
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