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基于DSP和MCU的農(nóng)機具視覺導航終端設計
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國家國際科技合作專項資助項目(2015DFG12280),、國家自然科學基金資助項目(31571570)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務費專項資金資助項目(2015XD004)


Development of Agricultural Implement Visual Navigation Terminal Based on DSP and MCU
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    摘要:

    農(nóng)機具導航可以提高作業(yè)的精度和適應性。針對當前導航終端多基于工控機開發(fā),,成本相對較高,,不利于在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中大規(guī)模推廣等問題,,設計了一種基于DSP和MCU的農(nóng)機具視覺導航終端,用于玉米中耕鋤草自動導航作業(yè),。其中,,DSP作為核心處理器,負責農(nóng)作物的圖像采集,、作物行檢測和導航線提?。籑CU負責作業(yè)流程的管理,、GNSS位置信息的接收,、存儲和轉發(fā)以及向執(zhí)行單元發(fā)送控制指令等。針對導航終端中所涉及的串口,、網(wǎng)絡以及CAN總線之間的通信問題,,制定了相應的協(xié)議規(guī)范;按照系統(tǒng)集成優(yōu)化設計方法,,構建了農(nóng)機具視覺導航終端系統(tǒng),,保證了系統(tǒng)運行穩(wěn)定性;對圖像進行預處理后,,采用基于邊緣檢測和掃描濾波的導航線檢測算法提高了農(nóng)機具導航線檢測的精度和處理效率,;針對農(nóng)田玉米中耕鋤草試驗,設計了導航線算法適應性試驗,、偏移量測試試驗和系統(tǒng)對比試驗,。結果表明:系統(tǒng)能夠較好地適應有雜草和株數(shù)稀疏等農(nóng)田環(huán)境下的測試工作;對偏移量檢測的平均誤差為1.29 cm,,最大誤差為4.1 cm,;對比PC端和ARM端的導航算法運行速度,,系統(tǒng)具有較好的實用性和經(jīng)濟可行性。

    Abstract:

    Agricultural implement automatic navigation is a major trend of modern agriculture. Agricultural implement navigation can avoid the errors during implement shaking in field and improve the precision of navigation and flexibility of operation. At present, most of the navigation terminals were developed based on the industrial computer which is expensive and difficult to be spread. In this paper, an agricultural implement visual navigation terminal based on DSP and MCU for automatic weeding was designed. As the core processor of the system, DSP was responsible for the image acquisition, crop rows detection and offset calculation of navigation line. MCU is the main control unit of the system, so it was used to manage the working process, receive, store and forward GNSS data, and also control the implement. The corresponding protocol of serial communication, network communication and CAN bus communication in the system was normalized to make sure the stability of the communication. In the image processing, the OTSU method and the crop row detection algorithm based on boundary detection and scan-filter (BDSF) were adopted, which could improve the accuracy and efficiency of navigation line detection. In order to verify the validity and stability of the system, the algorithm adaptive test, offset accuracy test and different system comparison tests were carried out. The experiment results showed that the crop line detection algorithm could work adaptively in the weed and crop thinning conditions. The average error of offset detection is 1.29 cm and the maximum error is 4.1 cm. The systems comparison test verified the economic feasibility of the proposed system by compared with the PC and ARM, which can satisfy the requirements of filed operation.

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項明,魏爽,何潔,仇瑞承,張漫.基于DSP和MCU的農(nóng)機具視覺導航終端設計[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2015,46(S1):21-26. Xiang Ming, Wei Shuang, He Jie, Qiu Ruicheng, Zhang Man. Development of Agricultural Implement Visual Navigation Terminal Based on DSP and MCU[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2015,46(S1):21-26.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-10-28
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2015-12-30
  • 出版日期: 2015-12-31
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