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溫度對施肥滴灌系統(tǒng)滴頭堵塞的影響
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“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2015BAD24B01)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51379024)


Influence of Temperature on Emitter Clogging with Fertigation through Drip Irrigation System
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    摘要:

    為探究不同灌水溫度下水肥一體化滴灌滴頭堵塞成因與過程,采用固定周期間歇滴灌的多因素完全隨機試驗設(shè)計方法,,分別在冬,、夏兩個季節(jié)研究了3種不同泥沙級配渾水與3個不同施肥質(zhì)量濃度組合對滴頭堵塞的影響和堵塞變化過程,。結(jié)果表明,,灌水溫度是影響滴頭堵塞的重要因素,,與水質(zhì)交互耦合效應(yīng)顯著,,夏季施肥和未施肥2種情況下灌溉滴頭的抗堵塞性能均高于冬季,,夏季有效灌水次數(shù)是冬季的1.26~1.43倍,;施肥加速滴頭堵塞的作用受泥沙級配和灌水溫度的影響,,冬季灌溉水中0.034~0.1 mm粒徑粗顆粒含量越多,,施肥質(zhì)量濃度對堵塞的影響越敏感,夏季灌溉水中0~0.034 mm細顆粒越多,,施肥質(zhì)量濃度對堵塞的影響越敏感,。建議灌水溫度較低時,水肥一體化滴灌應(yīng)控制在較低的施肥質(zhì)量濃度下灌溉,,適當(dāng)增大次灌水時間,,減少灌溉次數(shù)。

    Abstract:

    Fertilizers injected into the drip irrigation system may contribute to serious clogging, which occurs due to multiple factors, including water quality, water condition, hydraulic parameters and system design. To better understand the causes and process of emitter clogging of fertigation at different irrigation water temperature levels, laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of irrigation water temperature on the sensitivity of emitter clogging. Three different particle gradations and three different fertilizer concentrations were investigated through the intermittent drip irrigation method in summer and winter, respectively. Experiment results showed that the temperature of irrigation water was an important factor causing clogging with remarkable coupling effect with water quality. The anti-clogging performance of emitter in summer was always better than that in winter for both scenarios of fertilization and no fertilization. The acceleration of drip clogging with fertilization was affected by the sediment gradation and the season. When the content of sediment particles (with diameter of 0.034~0.1 mm) became high, the fertilizer concentration could be more sensitive to clogging in winter than that in summer. The fertilizer concentration became more sensitive to clogging when the content of sediment particles (with diameter of 0~0.034 mm) were high in summer than that in winter. The number of effective irrigation frequency in summer was 1.26~1.43 times as much as it was in winter. However, the irrigation water temperature could not change its effect on clogging caused by sediment gradation and fertilization concentration. Therefore, it is recommended that the irrigation frequency can be reduced when the temperature stays low, and the fertilizer concentration can be controlled at a low level when irrigation is applied with fertilizer.

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劉璐,李康勇,牛文全,李元,許健,張明智.溫度對施肥滴灌系統(tǒng)滴頭堵塞的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(2):98-104. Liu Lu, Li Kangyong, Niu Wenquan, Li Yuan, Xu Jian, Zhang Mingzhi. Influence of Temperature on Emitter Clogging with Fertigation through Drip Irrigation System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(2):98-104.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-02-25
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