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減壓濃縮對沼液CO 2 吸收性能和植物生理毒性的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51376078)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)(2015PY077)


Effect of Vacuum Concentration on CO 2 Absorption Performance and Phytotoxicity of Biogas Slurry
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    利用減壓濃縮試驗(yàn)裝置在50℃和2 kPa下對沼液進(jìn)行濃縮,,分別測試了沼液,、沼液濃縮相及冷凝回收稀相的CO 2 吸收性能和植物生理毒性。結(jié)果表明,,沼液減壓濃縮到4倍時(shí),,沼液濃縮相pH值升高至8.73,其飽和CO 2 吸收負(fù)荷增加26.70%,,氨氮去除率為86.41%,。濃縮相中的大部分氨氮以自由氨的形式轉(zhuǎn)移到沼液稀相中,使稀相pH值達(dá)到10.05,,飽和CO 2 吸收負(fù)荷達(dá)0.075 mol/L,。但濃縮相和稀相的凈CO 2 吸收容量之和比原沼液降低21.3%,其主要原因在于減壓濃縮過程中自由氨的揮發(fā)損失,。用原沼液,、濃縮沼液及稀相的富CO 2 溶液育種時(shí),大白菜種子的發(fā)芽指數(shù)(GI)均大于0.8,,表現(xiàn)出較低的植物生理毒性,,說明減壓濃縮可降低消納沼液所需的農(nóng)田面積。試驗(yàn)中也對不同類型CO 2 吸收強(qiáng)化添加劑的性能進(jìn)行了比較,。在相同的CO 2 吸收強(qiáng)化性能要求下,,鈉鹽添加劑組富CO 2 沼液的植物生理毒性低于氨水添加劑組,其主要原因在于添加氨水導(dǎo)致了沼液氨氮含量的大幅增加,。

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    Raw biogas slurry (RBS) was concentrated to obtain the concentrated biogas slurry (CBS) and the diluted phase (DP) condensed by the gas phase under the conditions of 50℃ and 2 kPa in vacuum concentration device. CO 2 absorption performances of RBS, CBS and DP were investigated, and the germination index (GI) values of Chinese cabbage seeds germinated by these solutions after CO 2 absorption were evaluated as well. Results showed that when the concentration degree of RBS was about 4, the pH value of CBS was increased from 7.87 to 8.73, and its saturated CO 2 loading was increased by about 26.70%. Additionally, the removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen was up to 86.41% due to the conversion of ammonium nitrogen into free ammonia and then extracted from biogas slurry by vacuum operation. Most of the free ammonia was condensed and collected into the DP. Therefore, DP’s pH value and CO 2 loading were up to 10.05 and 0.075 mol/L, respectively. However, the net CO 2 absorption capacity contributed by CBS and DP was 21.3% lower than that of RBS due to the volatile loss of ammonia during concentration. Results from the germination of Chinese cabbage seeds by the CO 2 -rich solutions of RBS, CBS and DP showed that all the GI values were higher than 0.8, implying their low phytotoxicities. The result implied that concentrating RBS may result in the decrease of the cropland area required to dispose the biogas slurry. Moreover, CO 2 absorption enhancement by adding different additives was investigated and compared as well. Aiming at the same saturated CO 2 loading value, adding sodium salts into biogas slurry was superior to adding ammonia additives in terms of low phytotoxicity, which may be attributed to the great increase of ammonium nitrogen concentration in the latter solutions.

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賀清堯,王文超,蔡凱,晏水平,張衍林.減壓濃縮對沼液CO 2 吸收性能和植物生理毒性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(2):200-207. He Qingyao, Wang Wenchao, Cai Kai, Yan Shuiping, Zhang Yanlin. Effect of Vacuum Concentration on CO 2 Absorption Performance and Phytotoxicity of Biogas Slurry[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(2):200-207.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-08-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-02-25
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