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基于激光掃描匹配的移動機器人相對定位技術研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(61105114),、江蘇省產(chǎn)學研合作前瞻性聯(lián)合研究項目(BY2015003-11)和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金項目(NS2014052)


Relative Localization Technology for Mobile Robot Based on Laser Scan Matching
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    摘要:

    移動機器人定位問題是機器人導航和控制領域的一個關鍵性問題,,直接影響位置精度,。本文利用激光掃描匹配,基于Fourier 變換的位移理論和相似變換下的Fourier-Mellin 不變量,,提出了一種室內(nèi)移動機器人相對定位方法,。該方法屬于點-點對應式匹配方法,可實現(xiàn)移動機器人連續(xù)狀態(tài)下的復雜環(huán)境信息匹配,。獲取機器人連續(xù)不同時刻下的環(huán)境信息,,將前一狀態(tài)時刻作為參考掃描,后一狀態(tài)時刻作為當前掃描,,建立相關定位參數(shù)數(shù)學模型,;在算法上采取降維處理,,連續(xù)使用3次1D Fourier-Mellin 得到所需要的相對定位參數(shù),即旋轉(zhuǎn)和平移增量,;與一種基于提取角點特征的特征-特征式匹配方法進行了對比性實驗,,證明了所提方法在定位精度和計算復雜度上的優(yōu)越性,以及對復雜環(huán)境的適應性,。

    Abstract:

    Localization is a key problem of mobile robot in the field for robot navigation and control, which directly affects the accuracy. A new relative localization method of pointpoint scan matching for the mobile robot was proposed based on laser range finder to achieve the matching of complex environment information under the continuous state by using the displacement theory of Fourier transform and Fourier-Mellin invariant of similarity transformation. This method is inspired by the image matching and curve matching domain, which is based on Fourier-Mellin transform method. Firstly, environmental information was obtained in different continuous time of the robot; the previous state was set as a reference scan and the latter state was set as the current scan. The mathematical model of relative positioning parameter was established. Then, the dimension was reduced. The 1D Fourier-Mellin was used three times continuously to get the rotational and translational increment. Thirdly, the comparative experiment was carried out with a featurefeature method based on the extracted corner features. Finally, the mobile robot path line was surveyed under an indoor environment and the laser data were collected for simulating track circuit diagram which were compared with the real conditions of track circuit. The experimental results further demonstrated the effectiveness, superiority and adaptability of the proposed method. It is no need to extract features from environment and it also has high antinoise and low computational lost. 

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錢曉明,張浩,王曉勇,武星.基于激光掃描匹配的移動機器人相對定位技術研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2016,47(3):14-21. Qian Xiaoming, Zhang Hao, Wang Xiaoyong, Wu Xing. Relative Localization Technology for Mobile Robot Based on Laser Scan Matching[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(3):14-21.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-09-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-03-10
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