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基于離散元法的旋耕過程土壤運(yùn)動(dòng)行為分析
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51275250)和江蘇省2013年度普通高校研究生科研創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(CXZZ13_0282)


Analysis of Soil Dynamic Behavior during Rotary Tillage Based on Distinct Element Method
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    摘要:

    土壤與耕作部件間的相互作用規(guī)律是設(shè)計(jì)和選用土壤耕作部件的基礎(chǔ),。研究土壤和耕作部件間的相互作用規(guī)律就是要研究耕作部件對(duì)土壤產(chǎn)生的作用和它們之間的作用力,,首先必須探討耕作部件工作時(shí)土壤運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)律和施加于土壤的作用力,。為此本文建立基于離散元方法的旋耕工作模型,;對(duì)比分析實(shí)驗(yàn)與仿真的土壤位移:在土槽實(shí)驗(yàn)中采用示蹤塊方法測量土壤位移,仿真中通過追蹤表層土壤顆粒的運(yùn)動(dòng)獲得仿真位移,;利用實(shí)驗(yàn)和仿真數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)土壤位移和運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)理進(jìn)行分析,。結(jié)果表明:土壤水平和側(cè)向位移都隨著轉(zhuǎn)速增加呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢;土壤的水平運(yùn)動(dòng)位移總是大于同轉(zhuǎn)速下的側(cè)向位移,。淺層土壤顆粒的運(yùn)動(dòng)位移最大,,中層土壤次之,,深層土壤最小,。較深位置的土壤,距離旋轉(zhuǎn)中心越近的土壤顆粒水平位移和側(cè)向位移越大,。在旋耕刀切土范圍內(nèi)的土壤,,有向相反方向運(yùn)動(dòng)趨勢的淺、中,、深層顆粒比例分別為26.2%,、72.1%、48.4%,。在水平力作用下,,大部分土壤顆粒隨著旋耕刀切土有向后運(yùn)動(dòng)的行為;土壤在開始時(shí)刻的側(cè)向受力和側(cè)向運(yùn)動(dòng)方向,,由顆粒的側(cè)向位置是否偏離側(cè)切刃軸線決定,,位于側(cè)切刃軸線左側(cè)的顆粒,則其側(cè)向力向左,,反之亦然,;土壤在垂直方向先隨著刀具入土向下運(yùn)動(dòng),然后滑出刀刃邊界被拋起,。本文建立的仿真模型得到的土壤水平位移和側(cè)向位移與相應(yīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)值的誤差為24.9%和15.3%,。本文運(yùn)用離散元法進(jìn)行旋耕過程中土壤宏觀和細(xì)觀運(yùn)動(dòng)行為的分析,有助于理解旋耕刀與土壤的相互作用機(jī)理,,為旋耕機(jī)械的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化提供理論依據(jù),。

    Abstract:

    The interaction of soiltillage tool plays a pivotal role in analysis and optimization of the tillage process. The dynamic behavior of soil needs to be developed primarily when studying the soiltillage tool interaction. The simulation of soilrotary blade interaction using distinct element method (DEM) and indoor soil bin experiment were conducted to provide a better understanding of the soil movement. Firstly, DEM model of soilrotary blade interaction was established. Secondly, comparison of experimental results and simulation results were done, positions before and after tillage of surface soil particle were used as soil displacement in simulation, and tracer method was employed to measure soil displacement in experiment. Then, the movement of soil which belongs to different positions was analyzed. The results showed that soil forward and side displacement in experiment increased with increasing rotational speed of blade, the forward displacement was larger than the side displacement. The displacement of shallow soil was the largest, and then middle soil and deep soil had the minimum displacement. The closer the soil to the rotational point was, the larger the forward and side displacement of soil were. For the particles in tillage scope, the percent of particles which moved to the opposite direction were 26.2%, 72.1% and 48.4% for shallow soil, middle soil and deep soil, respectively. Most soil particles moved backward in horizontal direction during tillage process. The direction of side force and side displacement depended on the situation that the soil particle lay in the left or right side of the lengthwise edge axis. If the soil lay in the left side of the lengthwise edge axis, the side displacement was towards the left and vice versa. The soil particle moved downward with the rotary blade at the beginning of soil cutting, and later it slipped from the border of blade and being tossed up. The average error of soil displacement between simulation results and experimental results was 24.9% for soil forward displacement while 15.3% for soil side displacement. The paper studied the macro and meso movement of soil particles during rotary tillage, which is helpful to understand the interaction between rotary blade and soil and develop the mechanism of rotavator design and optimization.

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方會(huì)敏,姬長英,Farman Ali Chandio,郭俊,張慶怡,Chaudhry Arslan.基于離散元法的旋耕過程土壤運(yùn)動(dòng)行為分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(3):22-28. Fang Huimin, Ji Changying, Farman Ali Chandio, Guo Jun, Zhang Qingyi, Chaudhry Arslan. Analysis of Soil Dynamic Behavior during Rotary Tillage Based on Distinct Element Method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(3):22-28.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-11
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-03-10
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