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不同泌乳期奶牛糞便碳氮變化與溫室氣體排放特點研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41201588),、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2012BAD14B11)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項基金項目(QN2012039)


Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Varies of Carbon and Nitrogen of Manure from Different Lactating Period Cows
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    摘要:

    試驗采集不同泌乳期(高產(chǎn)組、中產(chǎn)組,、低產(chǎn)組)奶牛新鮮糞便進行90d的自然堆積,,用靜態(tài)箱-氣相色譜法測定了堆積過程中CO2、CH4和N2O的排放量,并測定TOC,、TN、NH+4N和NO-3N的含量變化,。結(jié)果表明,,不同泌乳期奶牛糞便初始總有機碳、總氮和碳氮比存在差異,,牛糞初始總有機碳和總氮含量從高到低依次為高產(chǎn)組,、中產(chǎn)組和低產(chǎn)組,而總有機碳和全氮比值的大小排序則與此相反,。這些差異導(dǎo)致牛糞堆積過程中溫室氣體排放量的差異,,非CO2溫室氣體CH4和N2O累積排放量及總溫室氣體排放量(以二氧化碳當(dāng)量計,CO2eq)大小順序均為高產(chǎn)組,、中產(chǎn)組,、低產(chǎn)組,低產(chǎn)組總溫室氣體排放量顯著低于高產(chǎn)組和中產(chǎn)組,。3種氣體中溫室效應(yīng)貢獻最大的是CO2,,占總溫室效應(yīng)的一半以上,CH4和N2O的溫室效應(yīng)貢獻相近,,分別為20%~21%和17%~21%,。堆積過程中3個處理N2ON的累積排放量與TN含量呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與碳氮比呈顯著負相關(guān)關(guān)系,;CH4C,、CO2C、CO2C+CH4C累積排放量與牛糞TOC含量,、碳氮比沒有顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系,。與高產(chǎn)組和中產(chǎn)組比,低產(chǎn)組奶牛糞便在90d的堆積試驗結(jié)束后,損失較多的碳素而保留了較高的氮素,。

    Abstract:

    Dairy systems are the important greenhouse gases emissions source, in which manure management is one of the three major GHG emission sources. Most researches focused on the effects of external conditions, such as additives, composting materials, composting height, stacking mode, and the frequency of pile up on the greenhouse gas emissions of livestock manure composting process, while a few studies focused on the impact of diet on greenhouse gas emissions frommanure. Different diets were fed to dairy cows during different lactating period, which results in different physical and chemical properties of manure. The objective of the study was to quantify the greenhouse gas emissions and varies of carbon and nitrogen of manure from cows during different lactating periods. Fresh manure from cows during different lactating periods was collected and piled up naturally. Emissions of CO2, CH4 and N2O were measured by using static chamberGC technique, at the same time, the content of TOC, TN, NH+4N and NO-3N were measured. The results showed that there was difference in content of TOC, TN and C/N between manure from different lactating period cows (high group, middle group and low group). At the beginning of piling, manure from high group contained the highest TOC and TN, followed by middle group, then low group, in opposite for the ration of TOC to TN. These differences resulted in accumulative emissions of greenhouse gas differently. The highest accumulative emissions of CH4 and N2O were measured from high cow group, followed by middle group and then low group. The total greenhouse gas emission from low group was significantly low than that from middle group and high group. CO2 accounted for more than half of the total greenhouse gas emission, CH4 and N2O contributed 20%~21% and 17%~21% to the total emissions, respectively. Accumulative emission of N2ON was significantly positive correlation with TN content, in opposite with the ratio of TOC to TN. Accumulative emission of CH4C, CO2C and CO2C+CH4C had no significant correlation with TOC content and the ratio of TOC to TN.

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王效琴,李文圣,王旭東,梁東麗,趙加磊.不同泌乳期奶牛糞便碳氮變化與溫室氣體排放特點研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(3):179-185. Wang Xiaoqin, Li Wensheng, Wang Xudong, Liang Dongli, Zhao Jialei. Greenhouse Gases Emissions and Varies of Carbon and Nitrogen of Manure from Different Lactating Period Cows[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(3):179-185.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-14
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-03-10
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