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全自動多通道農(nóng)田無線集沙儀研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(41361058、41161045)


Design of Automatic Multi-channel Wireless Agricultural Sand Sampler
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    摘要:

    針對用于研究農(nóng)田土壤風(fēng)蝕的集沙儀自動化程度較低,,不能實時記錄集沙量數(shù)據(jù)且不具有無線傳輸和組網(wǎng)功能,給研究土壤風(fēng)蝕起沙過程中不同階段的沙粒運移特性帶來諸多困難等問題,,基于無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),以氣流對沖式風(fēng)沙分離器為基礎(chǔ),,設(shè)計了研究農(nóng)業(yè)土壤風(fēng)蝕專用的全自動多通道無線集沙儀,,實現(xiàn)了土壤風(fēng)蝕量的自動采集、無線傳輸和實時數(shù)據(jù)處理等功能,。實驗表明,,系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)對最多6個測點,每個測點8通道風(fēng)蝕數(shù)據(jù)的循環(huán)自動采集,,傳感器最大響應(yīng)時間為2s,;集沙儀每個集沙盒最大集沙量為180g,旋轉(zhuǎn)啟動風(fēng)速為3.4m/s,,平均集沙效率達到85%以上,,稱重傳感器10h連續(xù)測量誤差在±0.04g以內(nèi)且測量精度達0.01g;在射頻功率最大,、空中傳輸速率為1kb/s時,,32字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)包有效傳輸距離在1.000m左右,通信建立時間小于5s,。該系統(tǒng)具有低功耗,、使用方便、操作簡單,、自動數(shù)據(jù)采集等優(yōu)點,,能夠滿足研究農(nóng)田土壤風(fēng)蝕的需要。

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    Currently, the automation level of sand samplers used for farmland soil wind erosion is very low. In addition, they can’t record the sediment data real-timely and have no functions of wireless transmission and networking. So it brings many difficulties and other issues to the study on motion characteristics of the soil wind erosion particles at different stages in the transport process. To solve these problems, a new type of automatic multi-channel wireless sand sampler based on wireless sensor network technology and the reverse hedge sand separator was designed. It was dedicated to study agricultural soil wind erosion and realize these functions of automatic acquisition of quantity of soil wind erosion, wireless transmission and real-time data processing. The results showed that the system can circularly scan up to six testing points, the eight channels of each testing point and automatically collect wind erosion data, and the maximum response time was no more than 2s. The rotating start-up wind speed of the sand sampler was 3.4m/s, and the maximum weighing range was 0~180g; the precision of weighing sensors was up to 0.01g and 10 hours continuous measurement error was within ±0.04g with sampling efficiency more than 85%. The length of data packet was 32 bytes and the effective transmission distance can reach 1000m under the conditions of 1kb/s transfer rate and maximum transmitting power. Communication setup time was less than 5s. The system had advantages of low power consumption, easy to use, simple operation and automatic data acquisition, it can meet the needs of research on farmland soil wind erosion.

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劉海洋,常佳麗,陳智,宣傳忠,司志民,宋濤.全自動多通道農(nóng)田無線集沙儀研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2016,47(6):53-60. Liu Haiyang, Chang Jiali, Chen Zhi, Xuan Chuanzhong, Si Zhimin, Song Tao. Design of Automatic Multi-channel Wireless Agricultural Sand Sampler[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(6):53-60.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-06-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-06-10
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