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三滾式小區(qū)育種花生脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575367,、50775151)和高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金項(xiàng)目(20122103110009)


Design and Experiment of Peanut Sheller with Three Drums for Plot Breeding
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    摘要:

    花生育種研究中存在花生量小但品種多,、莢果大小不一的情況,針對(duì)人工脫殼效率低而機(jī)械脫殼損傷多、脫凈率低等問題,,在對(duì)典型花生種果物理機(jī)械特性研究基礎(chǔ)上,提出了小型3級(jí)回轉(zhuǎn),、單排3滾筒并列式脫殼的方案,,進(jìn)行脫殼滾筒、旋轉(zhuǎn)打板以及傳動(dòng)系統(tǒng)等裝置和部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),;脫殼滾筒由同一軸上并排的3個(gè)子滾筒組成,,可調(diào)節(jié)與凹板篩距離,增減打板個(gè)數(shù),;氣力清選裝置由離心式風(fēng)機(jī)組成,。以小區(qū)育種為目的,選取白沙品種為研究對(duì)象,,通過正交試驗(yàn)分析,,以滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速、脫殼間隙和打板個(gè)數(shù)為試驗(yàn)因素,,損傷率和脫凈率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,進(jìn)行優(yōu)化試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果表明:滾筒轉(zhuǎn)速為350r/min,、脫殼間隙為20mm,、打板為3個(gè)時(shí),,花生脫殼綜合指標(biāo)最優(yōu),脫凈率為99.15%,,損傷率為2.3%,,滿足種用花生脫殼要求。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems of small amount but large varieties in peanut, low efficiency of artificial shells, high damage rate and low shelling rate of mechanical shelling in peanut breeding research, a shelling scheme which has threelevel rotary and singlerow threeroll parallel shelling was proposed based on physical and mechanical properties of typical peanut research. The critical components of shelling drum, rotation rod, transmission system were designed, and the peanut sheller prototype was developed. Shelling drum was composed of three subrollers which are sidebyside on the same axis, it was able to adjust the distance from the concave screen, and increase or decrease the number of rods. Pneumatic cleaning device was composed of centrifugal fans. Three parameters, including drum rotating speed, hulling interval and hitting times of rods, were selected as experimental factors, the peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injury rate were selected as experimental indexes. Experimental results indicated that drum rotating speed, hulling interval and hitting times of rods all had influence on peanut shelling rate and peanut broken injure rate. The optimum combination indexes were: drum rotating speed of 350r/min, hulling interval of 20mm and hitting times of rods of 3. The peanut shelling rate was 99.15% and the peanut broken injury rate was 2.3%. The research results can provide a reference for the development of peanut seed sheller.

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高連興,回子健,董華山,徐仲恒,劉志俠,李 華.三滾式小區(qū)育種花生脫殼機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(7):159-165. Gao Lianxing, Hui Zijian, Dong Huashan, Xu Zhongheng, Liu Zhixia, Li Hua. Design and Experiment of Peanut Sheller with Three Drums for Plot Breeding[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):159-165.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-12-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-07-10
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