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徑流沖刷條件下坡地養(yǎng)分隨地表徑流遷移數(shù)學(xué)模型
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(51239009)


Mathematical Model of Soil Nutrient along Surface Runoff under Water Scouring Condition
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    摘要:

    徑流沖刷是土壤養(yǎng)分隨地表徑流流失的重要影響因素之一,。為了模擬徑流沖刷作用對(duì)土壤養(yǎng)分流失的影響,,依據(jù)飽和土壤條件下有效混合深度概念,建立了徑流沖刷條件下坡面土壤養(yǎng)分向地表徑流傳遞的有效混合深度模型,。利用試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)模型徑流養(yǎng)分質(zhì)量濃度變化過(guò)程的效果進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn),結(jié)果顯示不完全混合模型在模擬徑流養(yǎng)分質(zhì)量濃度隨放水時(shí)間的變化方面效果較好,決定系數(shù)均在0.9以上。通過(guò)不完全混合模型計(jì)算徑流養(yǎng)分累計(jì)流失量,,與實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)差異很小,當(dāng)養(yǎng)分為硝態(tài)氮時(shí),,計(jì)算值與實(shí)測(cè)值之間的相對(duì)誤差分別為6.6%(檸條)和5.9%(大豆),,當(dāng)養(yǎng)分為水溶性磷時(shí),相對(duì)誤差分別為1.1%(檸條)和2.3%(大豆),,說(shuō)明模型的模擬精度較高,。在選擇模型時(shí),應(yīng)根據(jù)計(jì)算精度和參數(shù)獲取方便性等情況綜合確定,。

    Abstract:

    Overland flow is one of the important factors inducing soil nutrients loss into runoff. In order to simulate and study the effects of overland flow on soil nutrients loss, a mathematical model describing soil nutrients transport with overland flow was developed based on the concept of effective mixing depth and Kostiakvo equation. In addition, the model also makes the corresponding assumptions to simplify the infiltration process. The obtained model was denoted as the incompletemixing model. Field water scouring experimental data was adopted to test the applicability of the proposed model. The experiment was performed on a natural, fallowed loessial slope (38°46′~38°51′N, 110°21′~110°23′E), in 14km west of the Shenmu Erosion and Environment Research Station of the Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in the Liudaogou watershed, Shaanxi Province. Field plots were established on a slope that had been fallowed for seven years. Vegetation types cover were adopted (herbaceous and crops), including caragana and soybean. The characteristics of the transport of runoff, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) under different vegetation cover were discussed in this study. Results indicated that the incompletemixing model performed pretty well in predicting the process of nutrients transport into runoff. The correlation coefficients were larger than 0.9 for all the treatments. Moreover, little bias was observed between the measured cumulative mass and the simulated data obtained from the incompletemixing model. Taking nitrate nitrogen for example, the relative errors between the measured data and simulated results were 6.6% (caragana) and 5.9% (soybean). When the nutrient was soluble phosphorus, the relative errors were 1.1% (caragana) and 2.3% (soybean). For better simulation results, the calculation accuracy and simplicity in obtaining parameters should be taken into consideration during model selection. The results in this study will provide significant references for more analysis on nutrients transport into runoff with overland flow in future.

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王全九,趙光旭,陶汪海,劉艷麗,張鵬宇,柴 晶.徑流沖刷條件下坡地養(yǎng)分隨地表徑流遷移數(shù)學(xué)模型[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(7):189-195. Wang Quanjiu, Zhao Guangxu, Tao Wanghai, Liu Yanli, Zhang Pengyu, Chai Jing. Mathematical Model of Soil Nutrient along Surface Runoff under Water Scouring Condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(7):189-195.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-03-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-07-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-07-10
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