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徑流小區(qū)尺度土壤入滲率影響因子與估算模型研究
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水利部黃土高原水土流失過(guò)程與控制重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室開(kāi)放課題基金項(xiàng)目(2016006)


Influencing Factors of Soil Infiltration Rate and Its Estimation Model at Runoff-plot Scale
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    基于次降雨水文過(guò)程,,確定了影響土壤平均入滲率(im)的多個(gè)因子;借助野外人工徑流場(chǎng)觀測(cè)資料,,研究im與多個(gè)因子間定量關(guān)系,,構(gòu)建im估算模型,。im與坡度之間呈二次拋物線關(guān)系,,隨坡度增加呈先升后降的變化趨勢(shì),。im隨坡長(zhǎng),、降雨強(qiáng)度的增加均呈線性增加規(guī)律,,隨次降雨量增加呈指數(shù)增加趨勢(shì),,隨土壤顆粒分形維數(shù)增加呈線性降低規(guī)律。im與地表植被蓋度,、前期土壤含水率之間均存在雙曲函數(shù)關(guān)系,,隨二者遞增分別呈逐漸增加和降低規(guī)律?;谏鲜?個(gè)函數(shù)關(guān)系,,采用多元非線性回歸法建立估算im的回歸模型,模型約72%的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)相對(duì)誤差不超過(guò)10%,。采用上述7個(gè)因子作為輸入?yún)?shù),,建立預(yù)測(cè)im的BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型;通過(guò)灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度分析法確定了模型最優(yōu)訓(xùn)練算法為L(zhǎng)evenberg-Marquardt,、隱含層神經(jīng)元結(jié)點(diǎn)最優(yōu)個(gè)數(shù)為15,;模型約81%的數(shù)據(jù)點(diǎn)相對(duì)誤差不超過(guò)10%。

    Abstract:

    Based on the hydrological process, several factors affecting the mean soil infiltration rate (im) under the individual rainfall event were determined, which were the slope gradient (S), slope length (L), rainfall intensity (Ri), rainfall amount (Rain), vegetation cover of the land surface (Vc), antecedent soil water content (Asw) and fractal dimension of soil particle (D). Using the data obtained from the field runoff-plot under natural rainfall events, the quantitative relationships between im and the seven factors were analyzed, and the multi-parameter estimation model for im was established by means of multivariate nonlinear regression method and BP neural network model. Relationship between im and S was in accord with quadratic parabola, and im was firstly increased and then decreased with increase of S. The im was increased linearly with the increase of L and Ri, it was increased with the increase of Rain by power function and linearly decreased with increase of D. Hyperbolic functions were obtained between im and Vc, Asw, and the im was increased with increase of Vc and decreased with increase of Asw. On the strength of the seven functional relationships, the estimation model of im was built by multivariate nonlinear regression method. The relative error of around 72% data was within ±10%. Using the seven factors as input parameters, a BP neural network model for prediction of im was established. The best training algorithm was Levenberg-Marquardt method and the ideal neurons nodes of the hidden layer were determined as 15 by the grey relational degree method. The relative error of around 81% data was within ±10%.

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黃俊,金平偉,李敏,李嵐斌,姜學(xué)兵.徑流小區(qū)尺度土壤入滲率影響因子與估算模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(8):171-178. Huang Jun, Jin Pingwei, Li Min, Li Lanbin, Jiang Xuebing. Influencing Factors of Soil Infiltration Rate and Its Estimation Model at Runoff-plot Scale[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(8):171-178.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-08-10
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