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對(duì)輥半喂入式小區(qū)育種花生摘果裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51575367)和高等學(xué)校博士學(xué)科點(diǎn)專項(xiàng)科研基金項(xiàng)目(20122103110009)


Design and Experiment of Double-roller Semi-feeding Peanut Picking Device for Breeding in Mini Type Area
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    摘要:

    花生小區(qū)育種涉及品種多,、小區(qū)處理多、每小區(qū)產(chǎn)量小,且嚴(yán)格要求小區(qū)之間和品種之間的花生不能混雜。為解決小區(qū)花生育種收獲中存在的人工摘果費(fèi)工、費(fèi)時(shí)、效率低且容易出現(xiàn)混雜等問題,提出了半喂入式花生摘果裝置總體方案:采用差相組配的對(duì)輥結(jié)構(gòu),、回轉(zhuǎn)直徑可調(diào)節(jié)的直桿式、弓齒式和矩形齒式作為摘果元件,,進(jìn)行了花生摘果輥與摘果元件的結(jié)構(gòu)與參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì),,研制出一種小型對(duì)輥半喂入式小區(qū)育種花生摘果裝置。以遼寧省主栽的花生品種“花育30”為試驗(yàn)材料,,對(duì)3種摘果元件的摘果性能進(jìn)行了試驗(yàn)研究,,結(jié)果表明矩形齒式摘果元件摘果效果最佳;以摘果對(duì)輥重疊距離,、摘果對(duì)輥差相角和摘果對(duì)輥轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗(yàn)因素,,以花生摘凈率、損傷率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),,通過正交試驗(yàn)表明:摘果對(duì)輥重疊距離為10mm,、摘果對(duì)輥差相角為45°、摘果對(duì)輥轉(zhuǎn)速為400r/min時(shí),,花生摘果綜合指標(biāo)最優(yōu),,摘凈率為98.96%,莢果損傷率為1.03%,。

    Abstract:

    Peanut breeding in mini area has the characteristics of various varieties, many deals in mini area, little yield and no mixed peanut in mini area and in variety. In order to solve the problems of time and working consuming, lower efficacy and easy to mix in artificial harvesting, an overall scheme of semifeeding peanut picking device was proposed. The structure of staggered matched stack form and the picking parts, including reinforced type, bow tooth and rectangular tooth with adjustable swing diameters were adopted. The structure and parameters of peanuts picking parts were designed. Preliminary experiment was carried out for choosing eventual form of picking parts. The main peanut varieties “huayu30” in Liaoning province were selected as test materials, through orthogonal experiment analysis, the three parameters: picking roller rotating speed, angle of picking roller and overlap distance of picking roller were selected as experimental factors, peanut picking rate and peanut breaking rate were selected as experimental indexes. The structure and working parameter of threshing performance were optimized. Experimental results indicated that picking roller rotating speed, angle of picking roller and the overlap distance of picking roller all had significant impact on peanut picking rate and peanut breaking rate. The most optimum combination index of the picking roller rotating speed was 400r/min, the angle of picking roller was 45° and the overlap distance of picking roller was 10mm. The results of the analysis of the peanut picking rate was 9896% and the peanut breaking rate was 1.03%.

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高連興,蘇展,陳中玉,劉志俠,呂長(zhǎng)義,李華.對(duì)輥半喂入式小區(qū)育種花生摘果裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(9):93-98. Gao Lianxing, Su Zhan, Chen Zhongyu, Liu Zhixia, Lü Changyi, Li Hua. Design and Experiment of Double-roller Semi-feeding Peanut Picking Device for Breeding in Mini Type Area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(9):93-98.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-09-10
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