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基于微分變化構(gòu)造法的數(shù)控機(jī)床幾何誤差補(bǔ)償方法
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浙江省重大科技專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(2013C01144),、浙江省教育廳科研項(xiàng)目(Y201533896)和紹興市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014B70018)


Differential Change Construction Based Geometric Error Compensation for Machine Tools
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    摘要:

    為了使得機(jī)床誤差建模與補(bǔ)償過(guò)程緊密聯(lián)系,,同時(shí)避免雅可比矩陣繁瑣的計(jì)算,,提出一種基于微分變化構(gòu)造法的機(jī)床幾何誤差補(bǔ)償方法,。根據(jù)坐標(biāo)系微分變化矩陣建立機(jī)床幾何誤差模型,?;跈C(jī)床正向運(yùn)動(dòng)鏈順序建立各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)軸微分變化矩陣,,結(jié)合各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)軸幾何誤差對(duì)應(yīng)的微分運(yùn)動(dòng)矢量計(jì)算得到運(yùn)動(dòng)軸幾何誤差對(duì)刀具精度影響,,相加得到刀具坐標(biāo)下的綜合微分變化矩陣,,通過(guò)機(jī)床正向運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型將刀具綜合誤差轉(zhuǎn)換到工作臺(tái)坐標(biāo)系下得到機(jī)床刀具位置誤差,。采用微分變化構(gòu)造法提取各個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)軸微分變化矩陣相應(yīng)子矩陣構(gòu)造得到機(jī)床雅可比矩陣,計(jì)算刀具坐標(biāo)系綜合誤差對(duì)應(yīng)運(yùn)動(dòng)軸補(bǔ)償量得到機(jī)床補(bǔ)償加工代碼,,微分變化構(gòu)造法無(wú)需額外計(jì)算,,且重新使用建模過(guò)程建立的矩陣。在北京精雕Carver800T加工中心進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),,補(bǔ)償后工件總誤差降低了30%左右,,驗(yàn)證了基于微分變化構(gòu)造法的幾何誤差補(bǔ)償方法的有效性,。

    Abstract:

    In order to make error compensation of machine tools relate to error modeling closely, and to avoid the tedious calculation of Jacobian matrix, a geometric error compensation method of machine tools based on differential change construction was proposed. At first, geometric error modeling of machine tools was developed using differential change matrices of coordinate frames. According to the forward kinematic chain of the machine tool, differential change matrix of each axis was established. The differential motion vector of each axis was obtained according to the properties of geometric errors. On the basis, the impacts of geometric errors of each axis on the precision of the tool were calculated. The integrated differential motion vector in the coordinate frame of tool was obtained by adding these impacts together. Then, based on homogeneous motion matrix of forward kinematics chain of the machine tool, the integrated geometric error model of the machine tool was established by transforming the integrated differential motion vector to coordinate frame of the working table. Next, the differential change construction was used to extract the corresponding column vector of differential change matrix of each axis to establish Jacobian matrix of the machine tool. The Jacobian matrix can compensate the integrated differential motion vector in the coordinated frame of tool. The differential change construction does not need extra calculation, and reuses the differential change matrices established in modeling. At last, the workpiece cutting experiments were carried out on Carver800T threeaxis machine tool. The results show that the geometric error compensation based on differential change construction is effective.

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齊繼寶,楊偉民.基于微分變化構(gòu)造法的數(shù)控機(jī)床幾何誤差補(bǔ)償方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(9):398-405. Qi Jibao, Yang Weimin. Differential Change Construction Based Geometric Error Compensation for Machine Tools[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(9):398-405.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-04-20
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2016-09-10
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