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基于水肥一體化的釀酒葡萄高效栽培與效益分析
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31460552,、31160417)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2013BAD09B02)


High-efficiency Cultivation and Benefit Analysis of Wine Grape Based on Fertigation
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    摘要:

    水肥一體化技術(shù)在干旱、半干旱區(qū)應(yīng)用廣泛,,為了探究水肥一體化技術(shù)在釀酒葡萄上的應(yīng)用效果及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,,以“赤霞珠”為研究對象連續(xù)3a對寧夏賀蘭山東麓傳統(tǒng)水肥管理(CK)、滴灌+常規(guī)施肥管理(DF)和水肥一體化栽培方式(FI)下釀酒葡萄產(chǎn)量,、品質(zhì),、成本及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益進(jìn)行了分析。結(jié)果表明,,水肥一體化前期投入較傳統(tǒng)水肥管理偏高,,釀酒葡萄水肥一體化增產(chǎn)效果較差,但品質(zhì)及價格提升明顯,,葡萄原料收購價顯著高于傳統(tǒng)種植模式,,灌溉水量和農(nóng)藥用量顯著降低。與傳統(tǒng)水肥管理相比,,水肥一體化節(jié)約水費(fèi)1853元/hm2,,節(jié)約人工成本9585元/hm2,年均收益達(dá)到43128元/hm2,,產(chǎn)投比高達(dá)2.98,,而傳統(tǒng)水肥管理下年均虧損7192元/hm2,產(chǎn)投比僅為0.77,。傳統(tǒng)水肥管理不僅成本高,,而且產(chǎn)出低,水肥一體化則成本低,,產(chǎn)出高,,是解決干旱區(qū)釀酒葡萄品質(zhì)低下、勞動投入量大,、經(jīng)濟(jì)效益低的有效措施,。在寧夏賀蘭山東麓釀酒葡萄園開展水肥一體化技術(shù)能顯著改善品質(zhì),節(jié)本增效,,適宜在干旱,、半干旱區(qū)域廣泛使用。

    Abstract:

    Fertigation technology is a combination of irrigation and fertilization which could effectively improve water and fertilizer utilization ratio. It is widely used in the arid and semiarid areas. In order to explore the application effect and economic benefit of fertigation technology on wine grape, three consecutive years study of “Cabernet Sauvignon” were carried out in Helan Mountain foothill of Ningxia. By setting traditional water and fertilizer management as control (CK), drip irrigation + conventional fertilization management (DF) and fertigation technology (FI) treatments, wine grape yield, quality, cost and economic benefit were analyzed. Results showed that fertigation upfront investment was higher than that of traditional water and fertilizer management, and production increase effect was poor, but the quality and price were significantly improved and then the product price was significantly higher than that of traditional planting mode, the irrigation and pesticide use were decreased significantly. Compared with traditional water and fertilizer management, fertigation technology could save water expends by 1853 yuan/hm2 and save labor costs 9585 yuan/hm2, the average annual income reached 43128 yuan/hm2,the ratio of output to input was as high as 2.98. However, the traditional water and fertilizer management annual income was -7192 yuan/hm2, the ratio of output to input was only 0.77. Traditional water and fertilizer management had high cost and low output. Fertigation technology was low cost and high output, which could solve the low grape quality, high labor and low economic benefits problems. By setting fertigation technology on grape wine in Helan Mountain vineyard, it could significantly improve wine grape quality, save cost and increase benefit. It was suitable for widely using in arid and semi arid regions.

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王銳,孫權(quán).基于水肥一體化的釀酒葡萄高效栽培與效益分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2016,47(10):115-121. Wang Rui, Sun Quan. High-efficiency Cultivation and Benefit Analysis of Wine Grape Based on Fertigation[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2016,47(10):115-121.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-10-10
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