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基于隨機森林的玉米發(fā)育程度自動測量方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31301235)


Automatic Measurement Method for Maize Ear Development Degree Based on Random Forest
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    摘要:

    為提高玉米果穗發(fā)育程度檢測的自動化程度與精度,,提出一種基于機器視覺技術(shù)的測量方法,。在隨機森林機器學(xué)習(xí)算法的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)造禿尖,、干癟和籽粒區(qū)域的識別模型,。該模型由多個獨立同分布的弱分類器構(gòu)成,,對輸入的訓(xùn)練樣本進行列和行兩個方向上的隨機采樣,。比較隨機森林模型和決策樹模型的分類效果可知隨機森林模型有效避免了過擬合和局部收斂現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生,,并具有良好的推廣能力,。為確定最優(yōu)的弱分類器數(shù)目,,選擇弱分類器個數(shù)為訓(xùn)練樣本數(shù)量的1/80、1/40,、1/20,、1/10、1/5,、1/4時分別構(gòu)建隨機森林分類器,。研究結(jié)果表明,當隨機森林中弱分類器個數(shù)為訓(xùn)練樣本數(shù)量的1/20時,,模型的識別率與穩(wěn)定性最好,。然后,以最優(yōu)的隨機森林模型作為分類器構(gòu)建玉米果穗不同發(fā)育程度自動檢測方法,。試驗結(jié)果表明,,各區(qū)域長度測量的準確性均在95%以上,,測量速度可達30個/min以上。

    Abstract:

    In the process of maize breeding, the development degree of maize ear is one of the most important parameters for yield related traits. In order to improve the degree of automation and accuracy of maize ear development degree detection, a measurement method was proposed based on machine vision technology. An identification model was constructed on the basis of random forest principal at first. The model was composed of a group of weak classifiers which were independent and identically distributed. The weak classifiers selected samples from the input training samples randomly along columns and rows. The experiment which compared random forest model with decision tree model on the classification effect showed that random forest classifier could not only avoid over-fitting and local convergence effectively but also have good generalization ability. Then, in order to determine the optimal number of weak classifiers, six random forest models were built. Their weak classifier number were separately one-eightieth, one-fortieth, one-twentieth, one-tenth, one-fifth, one-fourth of training samples count. The results showed that the model had good accuracy and stability when the number of weak classifiers was one-twentieth of training samples count. Finally, the optimal random forest model was used as the classifier to build the automatic maize ear development degree detection method. The experiment results showed that the measurement accuracy on length of each area was more than 95% and the measurement speed was more than 30 maize ears per minute.

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石禮娟,盧軍.基于隨機森林的玉米發(fā)育程度自動測量方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(1):169-174. SHI Lijuan, LU Jun. Automatic Measurement Method for Maize Ear Development Degree Based on Random Forest[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(1):169-174.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-05-16
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-01-10
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