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玉米收獲機(jī)多棱立輥式摘穗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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山東省農(nóng)機(jī)裝備研發(fā)創(chuàng)新計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YF030)和山東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014GNC112004)


Design and Experiment of Corn Harvester Polygonal Vertical-rollers Snapping Means
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)現(xiàn)有玉米收獲機(jī)摘穗裝置存在籽??袀⒖新鋵?dǎo)致?lián)p失嚴(yán)重等問(wèn)題,設(shè)計(jì)了一種結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單、摘穗效果好、可靠性高的多棱立輥式摘穗裝置,。研究了立式激振折斷的摘穗機(jī)理,分析了多棱立輥式摘穗裝置主要結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)方法;通過(guò)正交試驗(yàn)確定了影響摘穗質(zhì)量的主次因素為棱邊數(shù),、摘穗輥轉(zhuǎn)速和摘穗輥直徑;較優(yōu)組合為:摘穗輥直徑為7cm、棱邊數(shù)為8,、摘穗輥轉(zhuǎn)速為950r/min,,在該條件下本摘穗輥的籽粒破損率為0.13%、落地籽粒損失率為0.28%,、莖稈折斷率為0.53%,,滿足國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。在較優(yōu)組合條件下進(jìn)行了調(diào)整內(nèi)角Δ大小的驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),,通過(guò)試驗(yàn)可知調(diào)整內(nèi)角Δ為16°時(shí),,即最大調(diào)整范圍的一半時(shí)摘穗質(zhì)量最好。

    Abstract:

    The grain bite wounds and grain bite off of corn harvester snapping means caused a serious loss. Aiming at those existed problems, a polygonal vertical-rollers snapping means with simple structure, good snapping effect and high reliability was designed. The mechanism of the vertical vibration snapping broken was studied. And then the design methods of main structural parameters for polygonal vertical-rollers snapping means were analyzed. Orthogonal design method was used for test design with influence factors of the number of edges, snapping roll speed and snapping roll diameter. By orthogonal test, it can be known that the factors affecting the quality of snapping in order of their importance were the number of edges, snapping roll speed and snapping roll diameter. By orthogonal test, it can be known that the optimum combination was snapping roll diameter of 7cm, the number of edges of 8, snapping roll speed of 950r/min. Test under optimum combinations was carried out, and it was found that the grain broken rate was 0.13%, the grain loss rate was 0.28%, and the rate of broken stem was 0.53%. The grain losses and damages were both far lower than the national standard. Under optimum conditions, validation tests were done to determine the most appropriate size of the interior angle adjustment. The test result showed that the resizing interior angle Δ was 16°, which was half of the maximum interior angle range of adjustment, and under this conditions the harvesting quality was the best.

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耿端陽(yáng),李玉環(huán),孟凡虎,孟鵬祥,倪國(guó)慶,張明源.玉米收獲機(jī)多棱立輥式摘穗裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(3):84-91. GENG Duanyang, LI Yuhuan, MENG Fanhu, MENG Pengxiang, NI Guoqing, ZHANG Mingyuan. Design and Experiment of Corn Harvester Polygonal Vertical-rollers Snapping Means[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(3):84-91.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-06-22
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-03-10
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