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水分虧缺條件下毛管埋深對番茄生長、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51679205)和國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFC0400202)


Effects of Lateral Depths on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato under Water Deficit Condition
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    摘要:

    通過番茄滴灌試驗,研究不同水分虧缺條件下毛管埋深對番茄植株生長,、果實形態(tài),、產(chǎn)量與品質(zhì)的影響。結(jié)果表明:毛管埋深對日光溫室番茄產(chǎn)量,、灌水量有顯著影響(p<0.05),,對灌溉水利用效率和品質(zhì)無顯著影響(p>0.05),;毛管埋深為20cm時,,番茄植株生長速度較快,果實橫莖較大,。輕度與中輕度水分虧缺灌水條件下,,毛管埋深為20cm可顯著減小C級(番茄直徑D<6.5cm)果實比例29.2%,,分別提高A級(D≥7.5cm)與B級(6.5cm≤D<7.5cm)果實比例16.6%,、2.0%。番茄產(chǎn)量,、灌水量隨毛管埋深增加呈先增后減趨勢,,毛管埋深為20cm時,番茄產(chǎn)量最高,,達(dá)到66.44t/hm2,。番茄產(chǎn)量和灌溉水利用效率隨灌水下限增加而顯著降低(p<0.01),可通過不同毛管埋深與灌水下限組合,,顯著降低番茄灌水量,,提高產(chǎn)量和水分利用效率。綜合考慮,,毛管埋深20cm,,灌水下限為田間持水量的60%處理組合為關(guān)中地區(qū)日光溫室適宜的滴灌灌溉方式。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effective way to improve the water use efficiency of tomato in the sunlight greenhouse, the effects of lateral depths on growth, fruit shape and quality of tomato under different water deficit were studied through drip irrigation experiment in 2014 and 2015. Results showed that lateral depth had a significant influence on yield, irrigation amount (p<0.05), and had no significant impact on irrigation water use efficiency and quality (p>0.05). The growth rate of tomato was faster and fruit diameter was bigger when lateral was buried at 20cm depth. Under moderate and moderate-mild water deficit, lateral buried at 20cm depth could significantly decrease the fruit ratio of C grade (fruit diameter D<6.5cm) by 29.2%, and increase the fruit ratio of A grade (D≥7.5cm) and B grade (6.5cm≤D<7.5cm) by 16.6% and 2.0%, respectively. The changing trend of yield and irrigation amount of tomato showed a first increase and then decrease trend with the increase of lateral depth, the value of yield for lateral depth buried at 20cm was the highest (66.44t/hm2). Yield and irrigation water use efficiency of tomato were decreased significantly with the increase of irrigation threshold (p<0.01), so irrigation amount can be reduced while the yield and water use efficiency of tomato can be increased by adopting different combinations of lateral depth and irrigation threshold. Therefore, lateral depth of 20cm and irrigation threshold of 60% of field capacity would be the most appropriate treatment combination for tomato cultivation in the sunlight greenhouse in Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province. For the observed responses, the information on how the tomato adapted to different lateral depths under water deficit condition would provide guidance for field production practices as well as indications of possible mechanisms.

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牛文全,古君,梁博惠,郭麗麗,呂望,李元.水分虧缺條件下毛管埋深對番茄生長,、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì)的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(3):279-287. NIU Wenquan, GU Jun, LIANG Bohui, GUO Lili, Lü Wang, LI Yuan. Effects of Lateral Depths on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tomato under Water Deficit Condition[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(3):279-287.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-12-12
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-03-10
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