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拖拉機自動導航摩擦輪式轉向驅動系統(tǒng)設計與試驗
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國家油菜產業(yè)技術體系專項(CARS-13)、國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD020060602),、“十二五”國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAD08B02)和公益性行業(yè)(農業(yè))科研專項(201503116-6)


Design and Experiment on Automatic Steering Control System of Friction Drive for Tractor
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    摘要:

    針對農機導航系統(tǒng)中使用傳統(tǒng)拖拉機前輪轉向驅動子系統(tǒng)機構復雜,、裝卸不便等問題,設計了一種摩擦輪式轉向驅動系統(tǒng),。摩擦輪式轉向驅動系統(tǒng)主要由驅動裝置和相匹配的自適應模糊轉向控制器組成,。驅動裝置采用平行四連桿機構以實現(xiàn)工作模式的快速切換,使用夾持固定方式實現(xiàn)便捷裝卸,。搭建了試驗臺架以獲取摩擦輪驅動裝置的滑移特性數(shù)據(jù),。同時設計適用于該驅動裝置的自適應模糊轉向控制器,基于液壓系統(tǒng)離散傳遞函數(shù)和滑移特性數(shù)據(jù)建立了驅動系統(tǒng)遞推仿真模型,,采用該仿真模型構建遺傳算法參數(shù)優(yōu)化器對控制器參數(shù)進行在線優(yōu)化,。進行了仿真模型驗證試驗、遺傳算法參數(shù)優(yōu)化器性能對比試驗和驅動系統(tǒng)性能試驗,,結果表明:仿真模型與實際系統(tǒng)基本一致,;經過遺傳算法參數(shù)優(yōu)化后控制器階躍響應上升時間減少15%,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差達到3%標準所需調節(jié)時間減少29%,,消除了振蕩現(xiàn)象,;所設計驅動系統(tǒng)的20°階躍響應平均絕對穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差為0.197°,平均上升時間為2.0s,,穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差達到3%標準的平均調節(jié)時間為2.4s,,拖拉機前輪控制效果良好。應用試驗表明驅動系統(tǒng)能基本滿足拖拉機配套2BFQ-6型油菜精量聯(lián)合直播機機組自動導航作業(yè)要求,。

    Abstract:

    An automatic steering control system of friction drive for tractor was designed to solve the problem that traditional automatic steering control system was too complex to be installed on 2BFQ-6 type direct seeding combined dual purpose planter. A four connecting rods parallel institutions was used to develop the steering control device of friction drive for achieving fast mode switching. Meanwhile, the friction drive was simple in operation and convenient in installation by using the clamping installation method. The discrete simulation model of tire steering maneuver was established based on slip characteristics of the device. The simulation model was adopted to design the genetic algorithm optimizer, which could optimize the controller parameters online. The selfadaptation controller was adapted to control the automatic steering device of friction drive. The experiment on LX854-DFH tractor was used to analyze the performance of genetic algorithm optimizer. The experimental results showed that rise and regulation response time of the genetic algorithm optimization controller was decreased by 15% and 29% compared with the fixed parameter controller, respectively. The measured 20°step responses indicated that the average regulation time was 2.4s, the average absolute steadystate error was 0.197°, and there was no steady state oscillation, when the experimental results were recorded. The automatic steering control system of friction drive could be applied to control nosewheel steering turning of 2BFQ-6 type directseeding combined dual purpose planter for rapeseed.

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張聞宇,丁幼春,王磊,萬星宇,雷小龍,廖慶喜.拖拉機自動導航摩擦輪式轉向驅動系統(tǒng)設計與試驗[J].農業(yè)機械學報,2017,48(6):32-40. ZHANG Wenyu, DING Youchun, WANG Lei, WAN Xingyu, LEI Xiaolong, LIAO Qingxi. Design and Experiment on Automatic Steering Control System of Friction Drive for Tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):32-40.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-11-10
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