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水稻秧盤育秧播種生產(chǎn)線電控式軟硬秧盤自動(dòng)供盤裝置
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廣東省科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014B020207002)和現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(CARS-01-33)


Electric Controlled Automatic Tray Feeding Device for Hard and Soft Tray of Rice Precision Seeding for Nursing Seedlings Planter
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    摘要:

    為有效提高水稻秧盤育秧播種生產(chǎn)線的生產(chǎn)率,,滿足輕簡化栽培技術(shù)要求,,降低農(nóng)民育秧成本,減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,,解決現(xiàn)有自動(dòng)供盤裝置振動(dòng)沖擊大,、供盤可靠性不穩(wěn)定的問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種可嵌放軟塑秧盤的復(fù)合托盤和水稻秧盤育秧播種生產(chǎn)線電控式軟、硬秧盤自動(dòng)供盤裝置,。該裝置以STM32單片機(jī)為控制核心,,由接近開關(guān)檢測等待供送的層疊秧盤,控制秧盤供送裝置上的舵機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn)對層疊秧盤的自動(dòng)升落與供送,。通過理論分析,,建立了嵌入式復(fù)合托盤受力模型,確定了復(fù)合托盤的工作參數(shù),;設(shè)計(jì)了舵機(jī)升盤轉(zhuǎn)軸機(jī)構(gòu),、抬升指、輸送裝置等關(guān)鍵部件,。為檢測電控式自動(dòng)供盤裝置的工作穩(wěn)定性,,系統(tǒng)地進(jìn)行了振動(dòng)特性測試分析;以硬塑秧盤為試驗(yàn)對象,,供盤成功率為試驗(yàn)指標(biāo),進(jìn)行了三因素三水平的正交試驗(yàn),,結(jié)果表明,,疊盤偏差范圍對供盤成功率有顯著影響,減小疊盤偏差能有效提高供盤成功率,;通過分析試驗(yàn)結(jié)果,,采用改進(jìn)的漸進(jìn)式導(dǎo)向板,實(shí)現(xiàn)對疊盤偏差糾錯(cuò),,并分別進(jìn)行硬塑秧盤和嵌入式復(fù)合托盤嵌放軟塑秧盤的試驗(yàn)研究,,改進(jìn)后的裝置性能顯著提高,硬塑秧盤的供盤成功率達(dá)100%,。采用嵌入式復(fù)合托盤進(jìn)行軟塑秧盤自動(dòng)供盤試驗(yàn),,軟塑秧盤的供盤成功率大于98%,滿足水稻秧盤育秧播種生產(chǎn)線自動(dòng)供盤技術(shù)要求,。

    Abstract:

    Rice factory seedling nursery is a technology that may greatly benefit the Chinese agriculture. It can improve the productivity of rice tray nursing seedlings planter, simplify the cultivation procedure and requirement, and reduce the labor intensity of manual planting. However, one technical drawback of this technology is that the current automatic tray feeder suffers from significant vibration shock and unstable reliability of automatic tray feeder. A composite tray which can be fitted with soft plastic trays and an automatic traysupplying apparatus for rice tray nursing seedlings planter was developed. The control system was based on the STM32 microcontroller, the trays were detected by a proximity switch, and the servo steering shaft mechanism was used to automatically lift and drop the tray. Through theoretical analysis, the force model for the embedded composite tray was established, and the working parameters of the composite tray were determined. Key components such as the reel shaft mechanism, the lifting finger and the conveying device were designed. For analyzing the performance of the automatic tray feeder and discovering of the main factor of the tray feeding success rate, an orthogonal trial experiment was carried out by using the hard tray, and the tray feeding success rate was used as the experimental index. The orthogonal experiment showed that the tray stacking deviation had significant influence on tray feeding success rate, while the productivity and the tray feeding rate were nonsignificant. In addition, according to analyzing the experimental data, the automatic tray feeder was improved. Individually, two single factor experiments were carried out which regarded tray feeding success rate as experimental index. One experiment used the hard tray as experimental subject and the other one used soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray as the experimental subject. Experimental results showed that the improved automatic tray feeder achieved high performance, the rate of hard tray feeding success was 100% and that of the soft plastic tray with the embedded composite tray was more than 98%. The automatic tray feeder can effectively raise productivity and reduce labor intensity, and the experimental indexes met the using requirements of rice tray nursing seedlings planter.

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馬旭,陳林濤,黃冠,齊龍,林少敏,陸強(qiáng).水稻秧盤育秧播種生產(chǎn)線電控式軟硬秧盤自動(dòng)供盤裝置[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(6):41-49. MA Xu, CHEN Lintao, HUANG Guan, QI Long, LIN Shaomin, LU Qiang. Electric Controlled Automatic Tray Feeding Device for Hard and Soft Tray of Rice Precision Seeding for Nursing Seedlings Planter[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):41-49.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-12-10
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