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不同水氮處理對水稻熒光參數(shù)和光合特性的影響
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC0400108)


Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice
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    摘要:

    在大田栽培條件下,,利用LI-6400XT型光合儀測定不同水氮調(diào)控對水稻典型生育期主要熒光參數(shù)和光合特性的影響。結(jié)果表明:水稻光化學(xué)量子效率Fv/Fm、光化學(xué)淬滅系數(shù)qP與非光化學(xué)淬滅系數(shù)qN隨著灌水量的減少而降低,隨著施氮量的增加Fv/Fm在抽穗開花期,、qP在拔節(jié)孕穗期呈倒V形變化趨勢,說明寒區(qū)黑土水稻葉片PSII反應(yīng)中心因不同水氮處理而得到調(diào)節(jié),,使 PSII反應(yīng)中心潛在活性,、光合原初反應(yīng)中心開放程度及熱耗散能力受到不同程度的抑制或改善。在控制灌溉條件下氣孔限制值Ls高于全面淹灌,,但并沒有影響水稻葉片的光合作用而表現(xiàn)出一定的氣孔限制,。對施氮量110~160kg/hm2處理光響應(yīng)曲線模擬得出,隨著施氮量的增加曲線升高,,光飽和點(diǎn)LSP,、光補(bǔ)償點(diǎn)LCP明顯降低,而表觀量子效率α,、光響應(yīng)曲線曲角θ和最大凈光合速率Pnmax有所回升,,灌水處理間對比得出全面淹灌條件下LSP、LCP和θ低于控制灌溉,,而Pnmax顯著增加,,暗呼吸速率Rd,、α結(jié)果不明顯。這表明高肥有利于水稻葉片對弱光的利用,,減少耗水量對強(qiáng)光利用效果顯著,。因此,水氮脅迫會改善水稻葉片對光的適應(yīng)能力,,適量增加施氮量可以有效改善水稻葉片光響應(yīng)特征,。

    Abstract:

    In order to establish watersaving, high quality and efficient production model in the black soil of cold region of rice, fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic characteristics were measured by using LI-6400XT photosynthetic apparatus in the main growth period of rice under different water and fertilizer treatments. The results showed that photochemical quantum efficiency of rice (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching factor coefficient qP and non-photochemical quenching coefficient qN were decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount. With the increase of nitrogen, Fv/Fm at the bloom stage ,qP at jointing stage showed inverted V trend, it showed that PSII reaction center was adjusted due to different treatments of water and fertilizer in black soil of cold area of rice, primary energy conversion efficiency of PSII, potential activity of PSII, photosynthetic electron transport, photosynthetic primary reaction process and heat dissipation capacity subjected to varying degrees of inhibition or improvement. The stomatal limitation of controlled irrigation was greater than that in flood irrigation, it did not affect the photosynthesis of rice leaves. Through simulated light response curves under fertilizer rate of 110 ~160kg/hm2 treatment, it showed that the curve was increased with the increase of nitrogen and the LSP and LCP were reduced significantly, but α, θ and Pnmax were increased to some extent. Through comparison among different treatments of irrigation, LSP, LCP and θof the flood irrigation were less than those in control irrigation, and Pnmax was increased significantly, but the change of Rd and αwere not obvious, it showed that high rate of fertilizer was benefit for utilization of low light in rice leaves, reduced water consumption was benefit for utilization of strong light. Therefore, water and nutrient coercion would improve the adaptability of rice leaves to light, and increasing of nitrogen amount can efficiently improve the light response characteristics.

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張忠學(xué),鄭恩楠,王長明,贠寧晗.不同水氮處理對水稻熒光參數(shù)和光合特性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(6):176-183. ZHANG Zhongxue, ZHENG Ennan, WANG Changming, YUN Ninghan. Effect of Different Water and Nitrogen Levels on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Rice[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):176-183.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-10-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2016-11-28
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