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自然降雨條件下結(jié)皮層團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性變化特征研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41401299)


Dynamics of Stability of Soil Crust under Natural Rainfall Event
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    摘要:

    通過野外定位監(jiān)測和室內(nèi)分析相結(jié)合的方法,以三峽庫區(qū)典型黃壤為研究對象,結(jié)合Le Bissonnais(LB)法中快速濕潤(FW),、慢速濕潤(SW)和預(yù)濕潤振蕩(WS)3種處理方法定量分析結(jié)皮層與表土層團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性的差異,。研究結(jié)果表明:在降雨作用下土壤團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性存在較大的動態(tài)變化,結(jié)皮層團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性在自然降雨作用下呈現(xiàn)波動式上升的趨勢,。FW、SW、WS處理下,,結(jié)皮層土壤團(tuán)聚體平均質(zhì)量直徑變化范圍分別為0.73~2.13mm、1.70~2.90mm和2.27~3.16mm,,下層土壤在FW處理下團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性呈波動式上升趨勢,,平均質(zhì)量直徑變化范圍為0.70~1.27mm,在SW和WS處理下呈略微下降趨勢,,其變化范圍分別為1.69~2.83mm和2.53~2.95mm,。在降雨影響下,土壤結(jié)皮與下層土壤團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性存在較大的差異,隨著降雨場次的增加,,結(jié)皮層團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性逐漸高于下層土壤,,且兩者差值逐漸增大。在土壤有機(jī)質(zhì),、陽離子交換量,、pH值等理化性質(zhì)基本不變的情況下,土壤團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性在自然降雨影響下也存在較大的動態(tài)變化,。

    Abstract:

    Soil aggregate stability is a key parameter influencing soil fertility, environmental problems, and soil sensitivity to erosion. It is well established that aggregate stability changes over time. However, there is a lack of information considering the dynamics of aggregate at a shortterm step in the field. In addition, aggregate stability is usually determined by using soil samples collected from the plough layer, while soil erosion occurs in the surface soil. The difference between the soil crust and plough layer is usually ignored. The objectives were to investigate the variations in aggregate stability under rainfall event, identify the factors controlling these variations of stability, and compare the difference of aggregate stability between soil crust and subsurface soil. A field experiment was conducted on a cropland with typical yellow soil in Three Gorges Reservoir area. Sampling was performed after rainfall events. Aggregate stability was measured for both crust soil and subsurface soil by the Le Bissonnais (LB) method. Rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling were measured as potential explanatory factors. The results showed that aggregate stability varied significantly (P<0.05) under rainfall event for both the soil crust and subsurface soil. During the experiment, the mean weight diameter (MWD) obtained under fast wetting, slow wetting, and prewetting shaking treatments was varied between 0.73mm and 2.13mm, 1.70mm and 2.90mm, and 2.27mm and 3.16mm, respectively, for the soil crust. While MWD of subsurface soil was varied between 0.70mm and 1.27mm, 1.69mm and 2.83mm, and 2.53mm and 2.95mm, respectively. Great differences between the aggregate stability of soil crust and subsurface soil were found. And the aggregate stability of soil crust was significantly higher than that of surface soil. For the soil crust, accumulative rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, air temperature, soil temperature and soil water content at the time of sampling greatly controlled the variations of aggregate stability in fast wetting and slow wetting treatments. The large differences in aggregate stability between soil crust and the plough layer implied large differences in soil erodibility. And the soil erodibility was varied greatly in the field over several rainfall events.

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胡波,王玉杰,王彬,王云琦,劉春霞,王晨灃.自然降雨條件下結(jié)皮層團(tuán)聚體穩(wěn)定性變化特征研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(6):225-231. HU Bo, WANG Yujie, WANG Bin, WANG Yunqi, LIU Chunxia, WANG Chenfeng. Dynamics of Stability of Soil Crust under Natural Rainfall Event[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):225-231.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-04-10
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