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三峽庫區(qū)不同土地利用土壤重金屬分布特征與污染評價(jià)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFC0402301),、國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41671286)和中國科學(xué)院科技服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)(STS)項(xiàng)目(KFJ-SW-STS-175,、KFJ-EW-STS-008)


Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals of Different Land Use Types in Three Gorges Reservoir Region
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    摘要:

    為揭示不同土地利用方式土壤重金屬的含量、分布及污染特征,,選取三峽庫區(qū)典型小流域不同土地利用方式:柑橘果園(CO),、林地(FL),、旱坡麥地(WD)、旱坡菜地(VD),、溫室大棚蔬菜地(VG),、水稻田(PL)作為研究對象,研究了不同土地利用方式土壤重金屬的含量變化,、分布規(guī)律,,并進(jìn)行污染評價(jià)。研究結(jié)果表明,,6種土地利用類型土壤重金屬元素Pb含量由大到小表現(xiàn)為:VG,、CO、PL,、VD,、FL、WD,,土壤重金屬元素Cr含量由大到小表現(xiàn)為:CO,、VG、PL,、VD,、FL、WD,,土壤重金屬元素Cu含量由大到小表現(xiàn)為:VG,、VD,、CO,、PL、FL、WD,,土壤重金屬元素Zn含量由大到小表現(xiàn)為:CO,、VG,、PL,、WD、VD,、FL,,土壤重金屬元素Cd含量由大到小表現(xiàn)為:VG、CO,、WD,、PL、VD,、FL,。土壤重金屬Pb含量與Cr、Cu,、Zn,、Cd含量均存在極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系(p<0.01),Cr含量與Cu和Cd含量呈極顯著正相關(guān)(p<0.01),,與Zn含量呈顯著正相關(guān)(p<0.05),。6種土地利用類型土壤重金屬Pb、Cr,、Cu,、Zn、Cd的單項(xiàng)污染指數(shù)變化分別為0.06,、0.14,、0.15、0.14和1.70,,綜合污染指數(shù)為0.91,,污染等級為警戒線,污染水平屬于Ⅱ級,,尚清潔,,6種土地利用類型土壤重金屬的綜合污染指數(shù)由大到小表現(xiàn)為:VG,、CO,、VD、PL,、WD,、FL,。潛在生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評價(jià)表明,6種土地利用類型土壤的重金屬Pb,、Cr,、Cu和Zn均屬于輕度生態(tài)危害。土壤重金屬元素Cd在林地,、旱坡麥地和水稻田土壤中屬于中度生態(tài)危害,,而在柑橘果園、旱坡菜地和溫室大棚蔬菜地土壤中屬于較強(qiáng)生態(tài)危害,。5種土壤重金屬潛在生態(tài)危害系數(shù)從大到小分別為:Cd,、Pb、Cu,、Cr,、Zn。

    Abstract:

    Aimed to reveal the distribution characteristics of different land use types, six land use types were chosen, including citrus orchard (CO), forest land (FL), wheat dry land (WD), vegetable dry land (VD), vegetable greenhouse land (VG) and paddy land (PL) as the research objectives in the typical watershed in Three Gorges Reservoir region. The contents and distribution characteristics and pollution evaluation were all analyzed, the results showed that the order of Pb contents changed from high to low were VG, CO, PL, VD, FL and WD, the Cr contents changed from high to low were CO, VG, PL, VD, FL and WD, the Cu contents changed from high to low were VG, VD, CO, PL, FL and WD, the Zn contents changed from high to low were CO, VG, PL, WD, VD and FL and the Cd contents changed from high to low were VG, CO, WD, PL, VD and FL. Meanwhile, there existed obviously positive correlation between Pb content and Cr, Cu, Zn and Cd contents(p<0.01), there also existed obviously positive correlation between Cr content and Cu, Cd contents(p<0.01)and there existed positive correlation between Cr content and Zn content(p<0.05). The estimation of single pollution index of these five soil heavy metals, i.e., Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Cd contents of the six land use types changed from high to low were 0.06, 0.14, 0.15, 0.14 and 1.70. And the comprehensive pollution index was 0.91, the pollution degree belonged to guard line and the pollution level was the Ⅱ level—relative clean. Meanwhile, the order of the six land use type of soil heavy metals changed from high to low were VG, CO, VD, PL, WD and FL. The results of the potential ecological risk index indicated that the soil heavy metals Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn belonged to light ecological risk. However, the soil heavy metal of Cd belonged to middle ecological risk in the forest land, dry land of wheat and paddy land, Cd belonged to a bit strong ecological risk in the citrus orchard, vegetable dry land and vegetable greenhouse land. And the potential ecological risk index of these five soil heavy metals changed from high to low were Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn. 

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周萍,文安邦,史忠林,嚴(yán)冬春,龍翼.三峽庫區(qū)不同土地利用土壤重金屬分布特征與污染評價(jià)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(7):207-213. ZHOU Ping, WEN Anbang, SHI Zhonglin, YAN Dongchun, LONG Yi. Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals of Different Land Use Types in Three Gorges Reservoir Region[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(7):207-213.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-11-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-07-10
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