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給定速度需求的移動(dòng)機(jī)器人路徑跟蹤控制與實(shí)驗(yàn)
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(61520106008,、61374046)


Path Tracking Control and Experiments for Wheeled Mobile Robots with Given Velocity Requirement
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)輪式移動(dòng)機(jī)器人給定速度需求的非連續(xù)路徑跟蹤控制問(wèn)題,,將其轉(zhuǎn)換為滿足速度約束的軌跡規(guī)劃和軌跡跟蹤控制。首先,,針對(duì)給定速度需求的路徑跟蹤問(wèn)題,,以運(yùn)行時(shí)間和能量為優(yōu)化目標(biāo),給定的路徑和速度為約束條件,,采用五次Bezier樣條方法優(yōu)化得到了滿足需求的連續(xù)光滑軌跡,。其次,利用輪式移動(dòng)人系統(tǒng)的微分平坦特性,,采用微分平坦方法設(shè)計(jì)前饋控制器,;然后,將輪式移動(dòng)機(jī)器人運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型在前饋控制的平衡點(diǎn)處進(jìn)行一階泰勒展開,,得到了線性時(shí)變的誤差模型,,并通過(guò)定義新的狀態(tài)變量,設(shè)計(jì)了具有Lyapunov穩(wěn)定性的誤差反饋控制器,。結(jié)合前饋控制和反饋控制得到了二自由度軌跡跟蹤控制器,。同時(shí)將泰勒展開的高階項(xiàng)考慮為有界的擾動(dòng)輸入,在輸入到狀態(tài)穩(wěn)定性框架下證明了控制系統(tǒng)的魯棒穩(wěn)定性,;最后,,通過(guò)Pioneer 3-dx輪式移動(dòng)機(jī)器人進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,提出的算法能夠滿足給定速度需求的非連續(xù)路徑的跟蹤控制需求,。

    Abstract:

    For the discontinuous path tracking problem of wheeled mobile robots with given velocity requirement, it was transformed into the trajectory planning and trajectory tracking problems. Firstly, for the given position and velocity requirements, quintic Bezier curve was used to parameterize the trajectory. Then the trajectory planning problem was transformed into the nonlinear optimization problem, for which the energy and interval times were selected as the optimization objective to optimize the parameterized trajectory. By solving the nonlinear optimization problems, a continuous and smooth trajectory was generated, which satisfied the given position and velocity requirements. Secondly, by exploiting the differential flatness properties of the wheeled mobile robots system, a feedforward controller was designed by using the differential-flatness approach. Thirdly, the kinematic model of the wheeled mobile robots was linearized at its equilibrium point of the feedforward control by using the first order Taylor expansion. Then, an linear time-varying error model was deduced. By defining a new error variable, a feedback controller was designed and the stability of closed loop error system was proved in the Lyapunov framework. Therefore, a two degree of freedom trajectory tracking controller was given. This method had the advantages of simple structure and clear engineering significance. In addition, the higher order terms of the Taylor series were considered as a bounded disturbance input, and the robustness of the system was discussed in the framework of input to state stability theory. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed trajectory planning and trajectory tracking methods was validated on the Pioneer 3-dx wheeled mobile robot experiment platform. It can be seen from the experimental results that the proposed methods can track the discontinuous path with the given velocity requirement precisely.

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顧萬(wàn)里,胡云峰,宮洵,蔡碩,陳虹.給定速度需求的移動(dòng)機(jī)器人路徑跟蹤控制與實(shí)驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(10):25-31,75. GU Wanli, HU Yunfeng, GONG Xun, CAI Shuo, CHEN Hong. Path Tracking Control and Experiments for Wheeled Mobile Robots with Given Velocity Requirement[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(10):25-31,,75.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-10-10
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