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驅(qū)動式馬鈴薯中耕機關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計與碎土效果試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701600),、現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系建設(shè)專項資金項目(CARS-10-P22)、黑龍江省重大科技攻關(guān)項目(GA15B401)和北方馬鈴薯全程機械化科研基金項目


Design of Key Components of Driving-type Potato Cultivator and Its Soil-broken Effect Experiment
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    摘要:

    針對傳統(tǒng)鋤鏟式中耕機在粘重土壤作業(yè)中碎土率低,、碎土后土壤粒徑較大等問題,,對驅(qū)動式馬鈴薯中耕機的關(guān)鍵部件進(jìn)行了設(shè)計,,通過對整體結(jié)構(gòu)和工作原理的闡述,,對由碎土刀與刀盤組成的耕作部件進(jìn)行參數(shù)設(shè)計與運動學(xué)分析,,并對碎土刀切削土壤過程的剪切應(yīng)力進(jìn)行理論分析,,運用Matlab確定了影響剪切應(yīng)力的因素參數(shù)范圍,。以碎土刀刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速,、前進(jìn)速度、耕深,、碎土刀折彎角和刃口長度為因素,,以碎土率為指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了試驗臺試驗,并進(jìn)行了正交回歸方差分析。試驗結(jié)果表明:在刀軸轉(zhuǎn)速為275r/min,、前進(jìn)速度為0.75m/s,、耕深為0.18m、碎土刀折彎角為150°,、刃口長度為0.07m時,,耕作后土壤碎土率為93.8%。試驗確定了碎土刀的最優(yōu)結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),,所設(shè)計的碎土刀能增強碎土效果,,關(guān)鍵部件的設(shè)計滿足馬鈴薯中耕作業(yè)耕深、碎土要求,。該研究基本解決了中耕過程中碎土率低,、碎土后土壤粒徑較大等問題,作業(yè)效果更加明顯,,為馬鈴薯中耕機的設(shè)計改進(jìn)與優(yōu)化提供了理論支撐和技術(shù)參考,。

    Abstract:

    The traditional plough share-type cultivator shows characteristics that the soil particle size is larger after broken, the working parts can easily wrapped and has lower soil-broken rate during operation in heavy soil. And ridge distance of cultivator is not applicable for potato. The key component of driving-type potato cultivator was designed, and the structural parameters that affected the effect of soil-broken were concluded. The structure and working principle of the cultivator were illustrated, and the rotating monomer that made of soil-broken knife was theoretically analyzed. The factors that affected soil-broken rate were got. Regarding the folding corner and blade length of the soil-broken knife, knife-cylinder, forward speed and tillage depth as the experimental factors, regarding soil-broken rate as the experiment indicators. The test was taken in the College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University at the beginning of November, 2016, which was carried out in the room. The power was provided by generator and the tillage depth can be adjusted by actuating device. Experimental results showed that the machine had the soil-broken rate of 93.8%, when the knife-cylinder was 275r/min, the speed was 0.75m/s, blade folding corner was 150°, the length of the blade was 0.07m, and tillage depth was 0.18m. The optimal structural parameters of soil-broken knife were determined by experiment. And the experiment also verified the accuracy of theoretical formula. It was well conformed to the agronomic requirements of cultivator. The structure of soil-broken knife assembled on driving-type cultivator can enhance the cutting force to achieve better soil crushing effect. The machine basically solved the serious problems such as the lower efficiency of soil broken. It was more suitable for the tillage operation of potato when compared with the traditional cultivator. The study provided important theoretical and technical reference for the improvement and optimization of the driving-type potato cultivator.

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呂金慶,王英博,兌瀚,李紫輝,李季成,劉中原.驅(qū)動式馬鈴薯中耕機關(guān)鍵部件設(shè)計與碎土效果試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2017,48(10):49-58. Lü Jinqing, WANG Yingbo, DUI Han, LI Zihui, LI Jicheng, LIU Zhongyuan. Design of Key Components of Driving-type Potato Cultivator and Its Soil-broken Effect Experiment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(10):49-58.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-01-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-10-10
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