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梳割氣吸一體式貢菊采摘機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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江蘇省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(BK20140720)和中央高?;究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(KYZ201325)


Design and Experiment of Shear-sucting Mountain Chrysanthemum Picking Machine
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)山地貢菊采摘仍以人工采摘為主,、采摘效率低、費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力,、尚未實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化等問題,,設(shè)計(jì)了一種適應(yīng)山地采摘的貢菊采摘機(jī)。采花梳齒間隙大于胎菊直徑,小于朵菊花托直徑,利用采摘梳齒與分花齒之間的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng),,從花托處碰撞拉斷,實(shí)現(xiàn)采摘,。在負(fù)風(fēng)壓機(jī)的風(fēng)壓差作用下,,將花朵運(yùn)輸至集花箱。試驗(yàn)表明,,貢菊采摘機(jī)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)山地貢菊花朵采摘及收集,。在花朵含水率為87.20%,采花梳齒間隙為8~9mm時(shí),,該采摘機(jī)效果較佳,,花朵采收率為87.50%~93.11%,,花朵破碎率為0~0.34%,花朵落地率為1.99%~2.39%,,花朵雜質(zhì)率為4.87%~6.48%,花朵漏摘率為3.30%~4.96%,。正交試驗(yàn)表明,當(dāng)梳齒采摘間隙為8mm,,進(jìn)風(fēng)口風(fēng)速為8m/s,梳齒齒形為50mm,,主動(dòng)軸轉(zhuǎn)速為 30r/min,貢菊采摘機(jī)采摘效果最佳,,花朵采收率為94.54%,,花朵落地率為2.05%,雜質(zhì)率為1.48%,,花朵破碎率為0.57%,,花朵漏摘率為1.36%。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at solving artificial picking, low efficiency and time-consuming, shear-sucting mountain chrysanthemum picking machine was designed to achieve mechanization. The picking machine mainly consisted of container, lithium battery, negative air compressor, transmission pipeline, picking box, comb-teeth, synchronous wheel, transmission shaft, separating teeth, DC stepper motor, DC motor speed controller, digital controller, a machine frame and four wheels. Comb-teeth gap was larger than the diameter of bud and less than diameter of chrysanthemum receptacle. The relative motion between comb-teeth and separating teeth pulled from the receptacle. Under the pressure of negative air compressor, the flower was transported to the container. Single factor tests of comb-teeth gap selected 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm and 11mm five levels. The machine worked well at the gap of 8~9mm. The picking rate was 87.50%~93.11%, the broken rate was 0~0.34%, the drop rate was 1.99%~2.39%, the impurity rate was 4.87%~6.48%, the leakage rate was 3.30%~4.96%. The orthogonal tests showed that the best combination was comb-teeth gap, comb radius, wind speed and rotational speed. When the comb-teeth gap was 8mm, the radius was 50mm, the wind speed was 8m/s and the rotational speed was 30r/min, the machine would work better. The picking rate was 94.54%, the broken rate was 0.57%, the drop rate was 2.05%, the impurity rate was 1.48%, and the leakage rate was 1.36%.

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姬長(zhǎng)英,張純,顧寶興,符海嬌,謝娣,郭俊.梳割氣吸一體式貢菊采摘機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(11):137-145. JI Changying, ZHANG Chun, GU Baoxing, FU Haijiao, XIE Di, GUO Jun. Design and Experiment of Shear-sucting Mountain Chrysanthemum Picking Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(11):137-145.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-02-10
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-11-10
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