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熱敏式近地表無線風速廓線儀研究
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國家自然科學基金項目(41361058,、41661058)


Investigation on Near-surface Wireless Wind Speed Profiler Based on Thermistors
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    摘要:

    針對常用風速廓線儀線路連接復雜、體積和功耗大,、測量精度與自動化程度低且無法實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的實時記錄與處理,,致使研究退化草地近地表風速變化規(guī)律,、地表粗糙度及其抗風蝕能力等諸多困難等問題,,基于熱敏電阻和無線傳感網(wǎng)絡技術,,設計了具有體積小,、功耗低,、測量精度高的熱敏式風速傳感器和具有自動風向識別與無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸功能的近地表風速廓線儀,,實現(xiàn)了環(huán)境溫度、濕度,、大氣壓力,、近地表風速等數(shù)據(jù)的自動采集、無線傳輸和實時處理等功能,。試驗表明:該風速廓線儀的旋轉啟動風速為3.7m/s,,風速測量范圍為0~16m/s,精度不低于0.3m/s,,最大響應時間為3s,,一次充電可連續(xù)工作7h以上,能夠準確反映近地表風速隨高度的變化規(guī)律,,風速廓線的指數(shù)擬合度在0.9以上,;軟件系統(tǒng)可實現(xiàn)對最多6個風速廓線測點的循環(huán)自動采集與處理,在射頻功率最大,、空中傳輸速率為2.4kb/s時,,35字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)包有效傳輸距離不低于500m,6個節(jié)點完成一次數(shù)據(jù)傳輸所需時間不超過10s,。該系統(tǒng)具有功耗低,、使用方便、操作簡單,、自動數(shù)據(jù)采集等優(yōu)點,,能夠滿足近地表風速變化規(guī)律的研究需要。

    Abstract:

    Currently, wind speed profilers in common use have many problems, such as complex wiring, large volume, high power consumption, low measurement accuracy and automation level. They are also unable to achieve the real time recording and data processing. These bring many difficulties to study the variation law of near surface wind velocity, terrain roughness and its ability to resist wind erosion of degraded grassland. A thermal wind speed sensor which had small volume, low power consumption, high precision measurement was developed, and a near-surface velocity profiler with functions of automatic wind-direction recognition and wireless data transmission was designed, which can realize data automatic collection, wireless transmission and real-time data processing of environmental temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and near-surface wind speeds. Experiment results showed that the rotating start-up wind speed of the profiler was 3.7m/s, and the measurement range of the wind sensor whose maximum response time was no more than 3s was 0~16m/s with accuracy not less than 0.3m/s. It can work continuously more than 7h with one time charge, reflecting the change rule of the near-surface wind speed in height accurately with goodness of fitting of wind speed profiles above 0.9. The system can circularly scan up to six testing points, automatic collect and process wind speed data. The length of data packet was 35 bytes, the effective transmission distance can reach 500m and the data transfer time for six testing points was less than 10s under the conditions of 2.4kb/s transfer rate and maximum transmitting power. The system had advantages of low power consumption, easy to use, simple operation, automatic data acquisition, which can satisfy the needs of studying the change rule of near-surface wind speed.

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劉海洋,常佳麗,侯占峰,陳智,宣傳忠,商曉彬.熱敏式近地表無線風速廓線儀研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2017,48(12):68-77. LIU Haiyang, CHANG Jiali, HOU Zhanfeng, CHEN Zhi, XUAN Chuanzhong, SHANG Xiaobin. Investigation on Near-surface Wireless Wind Speed Profiler Based on Thermistors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(12):68-77.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-04-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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