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熱敏式近地表無線風(fēng)速廓線儀研究
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國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(41361058、41661058)


Investigation on Near-surface Wireless Wind Speed Profiler Based on Thermistors
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    摘要:

    針對(duì)常用風(fēng)速廓線儀線路連接復(fù)雜,、體積和功耗大,、測(cè)量精度與自動(dòng)化程度低且無法實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)記錄與處理,,致使研究退化草地近地表風(fēng)速變化規(guī)律,、地表粗糙度及其抗風(fēng)蝕能力等諸多困難等問題,,基于熱敏電阻和無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù),,設(shè)計(jì)了具有體積小,、功耗低、測(cè)量精度高的熱敏式風(fēng)速傳感器和具有自動(dòng)風(fēng)向識(shí)別與無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸功能的近地表風(fēng)速廓線儀,,實(shí)現(xiàn)了環(huán)境溫度,、濕度、大氣壓力,、近地表風(fēng)速等數(shù)據(jù)的自動(dòng)采集,、無線傳輸和實(shí)時(shí)處理等功能。試驗(yàn)表明:該風(fēng)速廓線儀的旋轉(zhuǎn)啟動(dòng)風(fēng)速為3.7m/s,,風(fēng)速測(cè)量范圍為0~16m/s,,精度不低于0.3m/s,最大響應(yīng)時(shí)間為3s,,一次充電可連續(xù)工作7h以上,,能夠準(zhǔn)確反映近地表風(fēng)速隨高度的變化規(guī)律,風(fēng)速廓線的指數(shù)擬合度在0.9以上,;軟件系統(tǒng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)最多6個(gè)風(fēng)速廓線測(cè)點(diǎn)的循環(huán)自動(dòng)采集與處理,,在射頻功率最大、空中傳輸速率為2.4kb/s時(shí),,35字節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)包有效傳輸距離不低于500m,,6個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)完成一次數(shù)據(jù)傳輸所需時(shí)間不超過10s。該系統(tǒng)具有功耗低,、使用方便,、操作簡(jiǎn)單、自動(dòng)數(shù)據(jù)采集等優(yōu)點(diǎn),,能夠滿足近地表風(fēng)速變化規(guī)律的研究需要,。

    Abstract:

    Currently, wind speed profilers in common use have many problems, such as complex wiring, large volume, high power consumption, low measurement accuracy and automation level. They are also unable to achieve the real time recording and data processing. These bring many difficulties to study the variation law of near surface wind velocity, terrain roughness and its ability to resist wind erosion of degraded grassland. A thermal wind speed sensor which had small volume, low power consumption, high precision measurement was developed, and a near-surface velocity profiler with functions of automatic wind-direction recognition and wireless data transmission was designed, which can realize data automatic collection, wireless transmission and real-time data processing of environmental temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure and near-surface wind speeds. Experiment results showed that the rotating start-up wind speed of the profiler was 3.7m/s, and the measurement range of the wind sensor whose maximum response time was no more than 3s was 0~16m/s with accuracy not less than 0.3m/s. It can work continuously more than 7h with one time charge, reflecting the change rule of the near-surface wind speed in height accurately with goodness of fitting of wind speed profiles above 0.9. The system can circularly scan up to six testing points, automatic collect and process wind speed data. The length of data packet was 35 bytes, the effective transmission distance can reach 500m and the data transfer time for six testing points was less than 10s under the conditions of 2.4kb/s transfer rate and maximum transmitting power. The system had advantages of low power consumption, easy to use, simple operation, automatic data acquisition, which can satisfy the needs of studying the change rule of near-surface wind speed.

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劉海洋,常佳麗,侯占峰,陳智,宣傳忠,商曉彬.熱敏式近地表無線風(fēng)速廓線儀研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2017,48(12):68-77. LIU Haiyang, CHANG Jiali, HOU Zhanfeng, CHEN Zhi, XUAN Chuanzhong, SHANG Xiaobin. Investigation on Near-surface Wireless Wind Speed Profiler Based on Thermistors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(12):68-77.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-04-25
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-12-10
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