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農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析
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國(guó)家國(guó)際科技合作專(zhuān)項(xiàng)(2013DFA11320)


State-of-the-art Review for Internet of Things in Agriculture
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    摘要:

    以人力為主的現(xiàn)有生產(chǎn)模式與勞動(dòng)力持續(xù)減少,、人均農(nóng)業(yè)資源匱乏與農(nóng)業(yè)資源利用率低,、新農(nóng)民年輕化與勞動(dòng)力老齡化是阻礙我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化的主要矛盾,。依賴(lài)智能裝備實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)化,、自動(dòng)化和智能化的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),提高農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率,、資源利用率和土地產(chǎn)出率,,是解決以上矛盾的重要途徑。農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)是以挖掘農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)力,、提高農(nóng)業(yè)裝備精準(zhǔn)化水平,、實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)智能化的新興技術(shù),集農(nóng)業(yè)信息感知,、數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,、智能信息處理技術(shù)于一體,并根據(jù)大田種植,、設(shè)施園藝,、畜禽養(yǎng)殖、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖以及農(nóng)產(chǎn)品物流的重大需求,,形成典型的產(chǎn)業(yè)應(yīng)用,。本文重點(diǎn)總結(jié)了近年來(lái)農(nóng)業(yè)信息感知方向在農(nóng)業(yè)個(gè)體標(biāo)識(shí)研究與感知機(jī)理及工藝的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)、農(nóng)業(yè)信息傳輸方向在低功耗廣域網(wǎng)的最新成果,、農(nóng)業(yè)智能信息處理方向的農(nóng)業(yè)大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)與農(nóng)業(yè)人工智能技術(shù)的重大突破,,提出以農(nóng)業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)模型驅(qū)動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)業(yè)務(wù)控制、以設(shè)備管理設(shè)備的農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)架構(gòu),,人的主要角色是實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)與價(jià)值信息的消費(fèi)者,,農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)驅(qū)動(dòng)的農(nóng)機(jī)裝備智能化作業(yè)是最主要的勞動(dòng)力來(lái)源;進(jìn)而對(duì)比國(guó)內(nèi)外農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)應(yīng)用與集成現(xiàn)狀,,分析農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的制約因素,,提出我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展策略,最終得出農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的未來(lái)研究重點(diǎn)與發(fā)展方向,。

    Abstract:

    In China, agricultural production still mainly based on manpower, while agricultural labor population continuously declining, low agricultural resource efficiency, average agricultural resource shortage, low average age of new generation farmers and population aging in practical agricultural labor are the main troubles in developing agriculture. Research of intelligent devices and models to realize precise agriculture is a criticle approach to solve the problems and realize modernlization agriculture in China. IoT (Internet of things) in agriculture is an advanced technology aims at digging agricultural productivity potential, intelligentize agricultural equipment and realizing intelligent production, it includes agricultural information perception, agricultural information transmission and intelligent information processing technologies, IoT in agriculture focusing on applying in field planting, facility horticulture, livestock feeding, aquaculture and agricultural products logistics according to individual requirements. The progress of IoT in agriculture was concluded in last three years, which mainly focused on important breakthroughs of agricultural individual identification technologies, agricultural sensing theories and crafts, low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies, agricultural big data technologies and artificial intelligent technologies. A framework of IoT in agriculture was proposed that agricultural operational control was based on agricultural operational models and self managed device network, according to the framework, the role of human was consumer of real-time data and valuable information, the labor output was based on IoT drived intelligent equipment. Furthermore, restriction factors were summarized by contrasting IoT applications in China and in advanced agricultural countries, the development strategy was raised for the development of IoT in Chinese agriculture, and finally the perspectives and main research issues of IoT were concluded in Chinese agriculture.

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李道亮,楊昊.農(nóng)業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)分析[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(1):1-20. LI Daoliang, YANG Hao. State-of-the-art Review for Internet of Things in Agriculture[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(1):1-20.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-11-10
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2018-01-10
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