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凸輪搖桿式擺動型玉米株間除草裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家重點研發(fā)計劃項目(2016YFD0701905)和黑龍江省應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究與開發(fā)計劃重大項目(GA16B301)


Design and Experiment of Cam Rocker Swing Intra-row Weeding Device for Maize
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    摘要:

    為滿足我國北方玉米苗間機(jī)械除草作業(yè)需求,,設(shè)計了一種凸輪搖桿式擺動型玉米株間除草裝置,,闡述了除草裝置的總體結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理,對其關(guān)鍵部件凸輪搖桿機(jī)構(gòu)和除草刀進(jìn)行參數(shù)化設(shè)計,通過對除草裝置避苗過程的運(yùn)動和受力分析,得到影響其作業(yè)效果的主要因素及各因素的取值范圍。以前進(jìn)速度,、彈簧剛度和除草刀轉(zhuǎn)速為試驗因素,以除草率,、傷苗率為試驗指標(biāo),,在室內(nèi)土槽中進(jìn)行L9(34)正交試驗,以考察試驗因素對除草裝置工作性能的影響,。結(jié)果表明,,各因素對指標(biāo)影響的主次順序為彈簧剛度、前進(jìn)速度,、除草刀轉(zhuǎn)速,;最優(yōu)水平組合為彈簧剛度60N/mm,、前進(jìn)速度0.6m/s、除草刀轉(zhuǎn)速130r/min,。以最優(yōu)水平組合進(jìn)行驗證試驗,,結(jié)果為除草率89.8%,傷苗率2.1%,,證明其具有較優(yōu)的作業(yè)性能,。

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    As people pay more and more attention to food safety issues, chemical weeding is increasingly limited. Compared with chemical weeding and artificial weeding, mechanical weeding has the advantage of less pollution and high efficiency, which conforms to the trend of sustainable agricultural development. However, the traditional cultivation can only remove interstage weeds and cannot remove weeds between plants. In order to meet the requirements of mechanical intra-row weeding for maize in China, a cam rocker swing intra-row weeding device was designed. The overall structure and working principle of the weeding device were illustrated and analyzed. The key components of weeding device were designed, such as the cam rocker mechanism and the weeding knife. The factors that affected the effect of weeding were got based on the kinematic and force analysis of weeding device. For the performance of weeding device, the forward speed, spring stiffness coefficient and weeding knife rotating speed were taken as experimental factors, and weeding rate and injury rate were taken as test indexes. The orthogonal test L9 (34) was conducted in the indoor soil bin for getting test factors affect the performance of weeding device work. Test results showed that the order of the various affecting factors were the spring stiffness coefficient, forward speed and weeding knife rotating speed;the best combination was as follows: the spring stiffness coefficient was 60 N/mm, forward speed was 0.6m/s, weeding knife rotating speed was 130r/min. To the optimal level combination of verification experiment: weeding rate was 89.8%, and injury rate was 2.1%.

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周福君,王文明,李小利,唐遵峰.凸輪搖桿式擺動型玉米株間除草裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2018,49(1):77-85. ZHOU Fujun, WANG Wenming, LI Xiaoli, TANG Zunfeng. Design and Experiment of Cam Rocker Swing Intra-row Weeding Device for Maize[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(1):77-85.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-09-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-01-10
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