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加氣灌溉對溫室葡萄生長及不同形態(tài)氮素吸收利用影響
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31360464、31760550)和兵團(tuán)重大科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016AA002)


Effect of Rhizosphere Aeration on Growth and Aabsorption,,Distribution and Utilization of NH+4-N and NO-3-N of Red Globe Grape Seedling
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    摘要:

    為探討地下穴貯滴灌條件下根際注氣對“紅地球”葡萄幼苗生長及不同形態(tài)氮素吸收代謝的影響,,以2年生“紅地球”葡萄幼苗為試驗(yàn)材料,通過地下穴貯滴灌注氣技術(shù)和15N示蹤技術(shù)研究根際注氣條件下葡萄對銨態(tài)氮(NH+4-N)和硝態(tài)氮(NO-3-N)吸收,、分配和利用的影響,。研究結(jié)果表明,地下穴貯滴灌根際注氣可促進(jìn)葡萄新梢增長,,莖粗增加,,顯著提高葡萄新梢、細(xì)根等植株干物質(zhì)量的積累,。在同一灌水周期內(nèi),,地下穴貯滴灌根際注氣可提高葉片葉綠素、凈光合速率,,延緩植株脅迫,,但對植株葉片瞬時水分利用效率具有負(fù)面影響。通過氮同位素示蹤標(biāo)記表明,,地下穴貯滴灌條件下無論是否注氣,,葡萄新生部位對硝態(tài)氮的征調(diào)能力,、吸收利用效率均顯著高于銨態(tài)氮;與不注氣相比,,注氣處理可顯著促進(jìn)新生部位對硝態(tài)氮的吸收,,抑制銨態(tài)氮的吸收利用,。地下穴貯滴灌根際注氣可促進(jìn)葡萄的生長,,提高葉片光合效率,15N示蹤表明根際注氣并未影響葡萄根系對硝態(tài)氮的偏好,,在地下穴貯滴灌注氣條件下氮素形態(tài)宜選擇硝態(tài)氮作為氮肥來源,。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effect of rhizosphere aeration on NH+4-N and NO-3-N absorption and metabolism of red globe grape seedlings, the experiment was done by taking 2-year old red globe grape seedling as test material, through subsurface drip irrigation(SDI) with tanks technique and 15N tracer technique to study effect of the rhizosphere aeration treatment on plant growth and NH+4-N and NO-3-N absorption, distribution and utilization. The results showed that rhizosphere aeration under SDI with tanks could promote the growth of new shoots, increase the stem diameter, and especially significantly increase the dry matter accumulation of new shoots and fine roots. In the same irrigation period, rhizosphere aeration under SDI with tanks increased the SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of the leaves, but it had negative effects on the instantaneous water use efficiency of the plant leaves. The nitrogen isotope tracer results showed that grape new organs on the NO-3-N Ritchie ability, absorption and utilization efficiency were significantly higher than that of NH+4-N under aeration treatment and without aeration treatment, and the results showed that rhizosphere aeration under SDI with tanks did not affect the nitrate preference of grape plants. The results also showed that gas injection treatment can significantly promote the absorption of nitrate uptake and utilization of new organs, inhibition of ammonium nitrogen, which suggested that nitrate nitrogen should be selected as nitrogen source under the condition of rhizosphere aeration under SDI with tanks.

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趙豐云,郁松林,孫軍利,蔣宇,劉懷鋒,于坤.加氣灌溉對溫室葡萄生長及不同形態(tài)氮素吸收利用影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(1):228-234. ZHAO Fengyun, YU Songlin, SUN Junli, JIANG Yu, LIU Huaifeng, YU Kun. Effect of Rhizosphere Aeration on Growth and Aabsorption,Distribution and Utilization of NH+4-N and NO-3-N of Red Globe Grape Seedling[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(1):228-234.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-10-21
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-01-10
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