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帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(xiàng)(201503105)和甘肅省科技重大專項(xiàng)(143NKDF016)


Design and Experiment of Canvas Belt Combined Operation Machine for Potato Digging and Plastic Film Collecting
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    摘要:

    為解決西北旱區(qū)大面積推廣馬鈴薯大壟雙行覆膜栽培模式所造成的田間殘膜污染問(wèn)題,,設(shè)計(jì)了帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī),實(shí)現(xiàn)了馬鈴薯挖掘收獲與殘膜回收的一體化作業(yè)。通過(guò)對(duì)樣機(jī)防纏繞裝置、帆布帶式送膜裝置及浮動(dòng)卷膜裝置關(guān)鍵工作參數(shù)進(jìn)行計(jì)算分析,確定影響聯(lián)合回收機(jī)殘膜回收率的相關(guān)試驗(yàn)因素及其取值范圍,。依照Box-Behnken試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)原理,采用四因素三水平響應(yīng)面分析方法,建立了作業(yè)機(jī)前進(jìn)速度,、卷膜驅(qū)動(dòng)輥轉(zhuǎn)速、輸膜軸轉(zhuǎn)速和輸膜板傾角與殘膜回收率之間的數(shù)學(xué)模型,,并對(duì)各因素及其交互作用進(jìn)行分析,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:4個(gè)因素對(duì)殘膜回收率影響的主次順序?yàn)椋壕砟を?qū)動(dòng)輥轉(zhuǎn)速、作業(yè)機(jī)前進(jìn)速度,、輸膜軸轉(zhuǎn)速和輸膜板傾角,;聯(lián)合回收機(jī)最佳工作參數(shù)為:作業(yè)機(jī)前進(jìn)速度0.72m/s、卷膜驅(qū)動(dòng)輥轉(zhuǎn)速303r/min,、輸膜軸轉(zhuǎn)速499r/min,、輸膜板傾角29°。驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn)表明,,聯(lián)合回收機(jī)殘膜回收率均值為92.1%,,較優(yōu)化前有明顯提升;同時(shí)在此工作參數(shù)條件下,作業(yè)機(jī)明薯率為96.6%,、傷薯率為2.2%,,各項(xiàng)作業(yè)指標(biāo)均達(dá)到國(guó)家和行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

    Abstract:

    According to the problems of field plastic film pollution with film mulching of double rows on a big ridge cultivation pattern of potato in northwest arid area of China, the canvas belt combined operation machine for potato harvesting and plastic film collecting was designed, which had synchronous implementation function of potato harvesting and plastic film collecting. Based on design and calculation analysis of key operation parts for prototype, the operation parameters of anti-twining device, canvas belt transporting film device and floating curl-up film mechanism were determined. The related experimental factors and their range of values were determined which affected the plastic film collecting ratio of the combined recovery machine. The Box-Behnken experimental design with four factors and three levels was performed, the mathematical models between the key parameters such as operation machine speed, film-curling driving roller rotating speed, transporting film axis rotating speed, transporting film sheet dip angle and plastic film collecting ratio were established, and then the effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well. The test results showed that effects order of four parameters on the plastic film collecting ratio were as follows: film-curling driving roller rotating speed, operation machine speed, transporting film axis rotating speed and transporting film sheet dip angle. The optimal working parameters were combined operation machine speed of 0.72m/s, film-curling driving roller rotating speed of 303r/min, transporting film axis rotating speed of 499r/min and transporting film sheet dip angle of 29°. Confirmatory tests showed that the average value of the plastic film collecting ratio was 92.1%, compared with before the optimization it was dropped significantly. At the same time, under the operating parameters the obvious ratio of potato was 96.6% and the injury ratio of potato was 2.2%, which were up to the relevant work quality evaluation specification requirements.

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戴飛,郭笑歡,趙武云,辛尚龍,劉小龍,吳正文.帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(3):104-113. DAI Fei, GUO Xiaohuan, ZHAO Wuyun, XIN Shanglong, LIU Xiaolong, WU Zhengwen. Design and Experiment of Canvas Belt Combined Operation Machine for Potato Digging and Plastic Film Collecting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):104-113.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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