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帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機設計與試驗
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農(nóng)業(yè)部公益性行業(yè)科研專項(201503105)和甘肅省科技重大專項(143NKDF016)


Design and Experiment of Canvas Belt Combined Operation Machine for Potato Digging and Plastic Film Collecting
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    摘要:

    為解決西北旱區(qū)大面積推廣馬鈴薯大壟雙行覆膜栽培模式所造成的田間殘膜污染問題,,設計了帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機,實現(xiàn)了馬鈴薯挖掘收獲與殘膜回收的一體化作業(yè),。通過對樣機防纏繞裝置、帆布帶式送膜裝置及浮動卷膜裝置關鍵工作參數(shù)進行計算分析,確定影響聯(lián)合回收機殘膜回收率的相關試驗因素及其取值范圍,。依照Box-Behnken試驗設計原理,,采用四因素三水平響應面分析方法,,建立了作業(yè)機前進速度,、卷膜驅動輥轉速,、輸膜軸轉速和輸膜板傾角與殘膜回收率之間的數(shù)學模型,,并對各因素及其交互作用進行分析,。試驗結果表明:4個因素對殘膜回收率影響的主次順序為:卷膜驅動輥轉速,、作業(yè)機前進速度、輸膜軸轉速和輸膜板傾角,;聯(lián)合回收機最佳工作參數(shù)為:作業(yè)機前進速度0.72m/s,、卷膜驅動輥轉速303r/min、輸膜軸轉速499r/min,、輸膜板傾角29°,。驗證試驗表明,聯(lián)合回收機殘膜回收率均值為92.1%,,較優(yōu)化前有明顯提升,;同時在此工作參數(shù)條件下,作業(yè)機明薯率為96.6%,、傷薯率為2.2%,,各項作業(yè)指標均達到國家和行業(yè)標準要求。

    Abstract:

    According to the problems of field plastic film pollution with film mulching of double rows on a big ridge cultivation pattern of potato in northwest arid area of China, the canvas belt combined operation machine for potato harvesting and plastic film collecting was designed, which had synchronous implementation function of potato harvesting and plastic film collecting. Based on design and calculation analysis of key operation parts for prototype, the operation parameters of anti-twining device, canvas belt transporting film device and floating curl-up film mechanism were determined. The related experimental factors and their range of values were determined which affected the plastic film collecting ratio of the combined recovery machine. The Box-Behnken experimental design with four factors and three levels was performed, the mathematical models between the key parameters such as operation machine speed, film-curling driving roller rotating speed, transporting film axis rotating speed, transporting film sheet dip angle and plastic film collecting ratio were established, and then the effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well. The test results showed that effects order of four parameters on the plastic film collecting ratio were as follows: film-curling driving roller rotating speed, operation machine speed, transporting film axis rotating speed and transporting film sheet dip angle. The optimal working parameters were combined operation machine speed of 0.72m/s, film-curling driving roller rotating speed of 303r/min, transporting film axis rotating speed of 499r/min and transporting film sheet dip angle of 29°. Confirmatory tests showed that the average value of the plastic film collecting ratio was 92.1%, compared with before the optimization it was dropped significantly. At the same time, under the operating parameters the obvious ratio of potato was 96.6% and the injury ratio of potato was 2.2%, which were up to the relevant work quality evaluation specification requirements.

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戴飛,郭笑歡,趙武云,辛尚龍,劉小龍,吳正文.帆布帶式馬鈴薯挖掘-殘膜回收聯(lián)合作業(yè)機設計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學報,2018,49(3):104-113. DAI Fei, GUO Xiaohuan, ZHAO Wuyun, XIN Shanglong, LIU Xiaolong, WU Zhengwen. Design and Experiment of Canvas Belt Combined Operation Machine for Potato Digging and Plastic Film Collecting[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):104-113.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-09
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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