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破損青貯牧草氧氣與溫度原位觀測(cè)及變質(zhì)預(yù)測(cè)模型研究
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中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2015QC002),、北京市自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(6164036)和中德科學(xué)中心項(xiàng)目(GZ888)


In-situ Sensing and Modeling Dynamics of Oxygen and Temperature in Grass Silage Bale of Suffering Aerobic Deterioration
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    摘要:

    裹包式青貯飼料因塑封膜破損或開包飼喂致使空氣(氧氣)侵入,,激活微生物消耗營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)產(chǎn)生熱量,引起異常溫升,,最終導(dǎo)致飼料營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分損失,腐敗變質(zhì),。為此,,本文提出了一種基于Clark電極原理的溶解氧傳感器,用于原位觀測(cè)有氧脅迫下青貯裹包飼料內(nèi)部氧動(dòng)態(tài)與溫度變化,。在此基礎(chǔ)上,,構(gòu)建了基于偏微分-常微分方程系統(tǒng)的有氧脅迫下青貯飼料內(nèi)部氧動(dòng)態(tài)、溫升以及微生物繁殖耦合模型,并檢驗(yàn)了模型的適用性,。采用CLAAS公司生產(chǎn)的Rollant455型打包機(jī)打出的青貯裹包飼料在2個(gè)干物質(zhì)含量(DM-1:39.0%±1.3%和DM-2:31.4%±2.1%)下進(jìn)行有氧變質(zhì)過程實(shí)驗(yàn),,對(duì)比分析實(shí)驗(yàn)原位觀測(cè)值與模型預(yù)測(cè)值的差異。結(jié)果表明:模型預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果與實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)定結(jié)果總體上有較好的一致性,,兩者差異產(chǎn)生的原因是青貯飼料內(nèi)部容重(孔隙)分布不均,。此外,有氧變質(zhì)過程產(chǎn)生的水分會(huì)改變模型的初始參數(shù)(氧氣擴(kuò)散速率降低,,比熱容提高等),,導(dǎo)致模型后期預(yù)測(cè)精度降低。

    Abstract:

    Aerobic deterioration of bale silage due to puncturing plastic cover by accident or feeding animals results in the nutrition and energy losses. The invasive oxygen that activates the aerobic microorganism to consume nutrition in silage, producing heat that raises the silage temperature, is a key factor being in charge of aerobic deterioration of silage. However, thus far, the in-situ sensing and modeling the dynamics of oxygen diffusion and temperature rising in bale silage has seldom been reported. For this, a Clark-electrode-based dissolved oxygen sensor was applied for in-situ measurement of oxygen concentration and temperature in bale silage. Based on the measurement data, a mathematical model coupling two-dimensional oxygen diffusion, microorganism growth and temperature rising was presented and validated. The tested grass silage was baled by using a baler from CLAAS company (Baler type: Rollant455) with two levels of dry matter contents (DM-1:39.0%±1.3%;DM-2:31.4%±2.1%). Each level had three replications. The results showed that the model simulations generally agreed with the in-situ measurements. The uncertainties between measurement and simulation were mainly due to the heterogeneity of silage density distribution. Moreover, a great quantity of water produced during aerobic deterioration changed the parameters in model such as decline of the diffusion rate of oxygen, increase of the heat capacity, resulting in lower predicting accuracy. Thus, the heterogeneity of silage density distribution and water-induced parameter variation should be included in proposed model for achieving higher predicting accuracy.

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程強(qiáng),周海洋,單桂林,李夢(mèng)華,BUESCHER W,孫宇瑞.破損青貯牧草氧氣與溫度原位觀測(cè)及變質(zhì)預(yù)測(cè)模型研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(3):138-143. CHENG Qiang, ZHOU Haiyang, SHAN Guilin, LI Menghua, BUESCHER W, SUN Yurui. In-situ Sensing and Modeling Dynamics of Oxygen and Temperature in Grass Silage Bale of Suffering Aerobic Deterioration[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):138-143.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-09-08
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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