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生物炭對華北冬小麥根系形態(tài)和內(nèi)生真菌多樣性的影響
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(xiàng)(201503106)和張家口市科學(xué)技術(shù)研究與發(fā)展計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(1611051C)


Effect of Biochar on Root Morphology and Endophytic Fungal Diversity of Winter Wheat in North China
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    利用棉花秸稈生物炭,以冬小麥為試驗(yàn)對象,,采用根系掃描法和Illumina MiSeq高通量測序技術(shù)探討研究農(nóng)田秸稈還田,,施生物炭分別為4.5、9.0,、13.5t/hm2后根系形態(tài)與內(nèi)生真菌多樣性的影響及其共生機(jī)制,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,在生物炭施用量為4.5~13.5t/hm2時(shí),,在冬小麥成熟期提高初生根的直徑和比根長,,降低分支密度和生物量;降低次生根分支密度,。在門水平,,生物炭顯著提高根內(nèi)子囊菌門(Ascomycota)豐度,顯著降低接合菌門(Zygomycota),、壺菌門(Chytridiomycota)和未鑒定雜菌(unidentified fungus)豐度,,對球囊菌門影響不顯著;在常見目水平,,生物炭明顯提高格孢菌目(Pleosporales)豐度,,顯著降低散囊菌目(Eurotiales)和被孢霉目(Mortierellales)豐度。在4.5~9.0t/hm2時(shí),,生物炭通過降低初生根內(nèi)散囊菌目真菌豐度,,促進(jìn)初生根分支密度和生物量的生長;通過提高次生根內(nèi)格孢菌目真菌豐度,,抑制次生根直徑和分支密度的生長,。經(jīng)綜合比較,9.0t/hm2的生物炭處理對根系形態(tài)的優(yōu)化效果優(yōu)于其他處理,,與對照處理相比,,在成熟期,初生根直徑和比根長分別提高5.00%,、33.57%,,分支密度和生物量分別降低67.26%、27.27%,;次生根直徑和分支密度分別降低13.16%,、34.38%。

    Abstract:

    The winter wheat was selected to study the effect of biochar of cotton straw on root morphology and endophytic fungal communities by using the method of root scanning and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing. The symbiosis mechanism was found by the test. The treatments were amount of 4.5t/hm2, 9.0t/hm2 and 13.5t/hm2 of straw biochar, respectively applied to the soil, and the straw returning was taken as test control in the field experiment. The results showed that root diameter and specific root length were increased significantly, and branching density and biomass were decreased significantly in the primary root, and only the root branching density was decreased in the secondary root, when the amount of biochar was 4.5 ~ 13.5t/hm2 in the mature period of winter wheat. At the fungal phyla level, the abundance of Ascomycota was increased significantly, and the abundances of Zygomycota, Chytridiomycota and unidentified fungus was reduced greatly, and the abundance of Glomeromycota was not significant. At the common fungal order level, the abundance of Pleosporales was increased significantly, and the abundance of Eurotiales and Mortierellales was reduced greatly. With the amount of 4.5~9.0t/hm2 biochar promoted the primary root growth of root branch density and biomass by decreasing the abundance of Eurotiales, and inhibited the secondary root growth of diameter and branch density by increasing the abundance of Pleosporales. By comprehensive comparison, the effect of amount of 9.0t/hm2 biochar on root morphology was better than that of other treatments. The treatment with amount of 9.0t/hm2 significantly increased the primary root diameter by 5.00% and specific root length by 33.57%, and decreased root branch density by 67.26% and biomass by 27.27%, while also reduced the secondary root diameter by 13.16% and branch density by 34.38%, compared with the test control at maturity stage of winter wheat.

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李瑞霞,李洪杰,霍艷麗,高悅,楊正禮,張愛平.生物炭對華北冬小麥根系形態(tài)和內(nèi)生真菌多樣性的影響[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(3):235-242. LI Ruixia, LI Hongjie, HUO Yanli, GAO Yue, YANG Zhengli, ZHANG Aiping. Effect of Biochar on Root Morphology and Endophytic Fungal Diversity of Winter Wheat in North China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):235-242.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-03
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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