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小麥/向日葵間作群體水鹽運(yùn)移機(jī)理及種間競爭能力研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51539005,、51269015)、黑龍江省博士后資助經(jīng)費(fèi)項(xiàng)目(LBH-Z17033)和“十二五”國家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2011BAD29B03)


Water and Salt Migration Mechanism and Competitive Ability in Wheat-Sunflower Intercropping System
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    摘要:

    為量化分析河套灌區(qū)小麥/向日葵間作群體兩作物間相互利用水量、鹽分運(yùn)移機(jī)理,明確兩作物間種間相對競爭能力,,采用根系分隔技術(shù)進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)。研究結(jié)果表明:小麥/向日葵間作群體生育期內(nèi)小麥條帶利用向日葵側(cè)水量為78.23~94.23m3/hm2,,向日葵條帶利用小麥側(cè)水量為44.96~57.97m3/hm2,,其中根系在土壤空間的交叉疊加效應(yīng)可以多利用18.56~42.84m3/hm2小麥帶土壤水量,20.79~46.63m3/hm2向日葵帶土壤水量,,降低1.32%~4.64%小麥條帶土壤EC均值,,2.26%~3.16%向日葵條帶土壤EC均值。水分養(yǎng)分互補(bǔ)效應(yīng)可以多利用15.12~26.40m3/hm2小麥帶土壤水量,,47.60~57.44m3/hm2向日葵帶土壤水量,,降低2.98%~4.69%小麥條帶土壤EC均值,1.82%~2.44%向日葵條帶土壤EC均值,。種間相對競爭能力上,,間作群體內(nèi)小麥的競爭能力強(qiáng)于向日葵,限制間作群體根系的交叉疊加及水分養(yǎng)分互補(bǔ)效應(yīng)有利于提升向日葵的種間相對競爭能力,。

    Abstract:

    In order to quantitatively analyze the issues on the mutual use of water and the mechanism of salt migration, clear the relative competitive between the two species of intercropping in wheat-sunflower intercropping system in Hetao irrigation area, the experiment was conducted based on root separation method. The results showed that in wheat-sunflower intercropping system, the wheat utilized 78.23~94.23m3/hm2 of water by the side of sunflower. Meanwhile, the sunflower utilized 44.96~57.97m3/hm2 of water by the side of wheat. By the cross superposition effect of soil internal space, more soil water of 18.56~42.84m3/hm2 and 20.79~46.63m3/hm2 in wheat and sunflower belts may be utilized, the mean value of root soil EC in wheat and sunflower belts could be reduced by 1.32%~4.64% and 2.26%~3.16%, respectively. By the water and nutrient complementarity effect of soil internal space, more soil water of 15.12~26.40m3/hm2 and 47.60~57.44m3/hm2 in wheat and sunflower belts may be utilized, the mean value of root soil EC in wheat and sunflower belts could be reduced by 2.98%~4.69% and 1.82%~2.44%, respectively. For the relative competitive ability between the two species in intercropping system, the wheat was stronger than sunflower, limiting the cross superposition effect and water and nutrient complementarity effect of root in intercropping system was conducive to upgrading the relative competitive ability between the two species of sunflower.

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張作為,史海濱,劉德平,李仙岳,閆建文,李宏宇.小麥/向日葵間作群體水鹽運(yùn)移機(jī)理及種間競爭能力研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(3):243-251. ZHANG Zuowei, SHI Haibin, LIU Deping, LI Xianyue, YAN Jianwen, LI Hongyu. Water and Salt Migration Mechanism and Competitive Ability in Wheat-Sunflower Intercropping System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(3):243-251.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-07-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-03-10
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