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自然環(huán)境下綠色柑橘視覺檢測技術(shù)研究
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(31201135、51705365),、廣東省自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(2015A030310258)和廣州市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201506010081)


Visual Detection Technology of Green Citrus under Natural Environment
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    摘要:

    綠色柑橘具有與背景相似的顏色特征,,自然環(huán)境下綠色柑橘的視覺檢測比較困難,。提出基于深度學(xué)習(xí)技術(shù),,利用Faster RCNN方法進(jìn)行樹上綠色柑橘的視覺檢測研究,。首先配置深度學(xué)習(xí)的試驗(yàn)環(huán)境,,同時(shí)設(shè)計(jì)了綠色柑橘圖像采集試驗(yàn),,建立了柑橘圖像樣本集,,通過試驗(yàn)對批處理大小,、學(xué)習(xí)速率和動量等超參數(shù)進(jìn)行調(diào)優(yōu),確定合適的學(xué)習(xí)速率為0.01,、批處理為128,、動量系數(shù)為0.9,使用確定的超參數(shù)對模型進(jìn)行了訓(xùn)練,,最終訓(xùn)練模型在測試集上的平均精度(MAP)為85.49%,。通過設(shè)計(jì)自然環(huán)境下不同光照條件、圖像中不同尺寸柑橘,、不同個數(shù)柑橘的Faster RCNN方法與Otsu分割法的柑橘檢測對比試驗(yàn),,并定義F值作為對比評價(jià)指標(biāo),分析2種方法的檢測結(jié)果,,試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:Faster RCNN方法與Otsu方法在不同光照條件下檢測綠色柑橘的F值分別為77.45%和59.53%,;不同個數(shù)柑橘果實(shí)檢測結(jié)果的F值分別為82.58%和60.34%,不同尺寸柑橘檢測結(jié)果的F值分別為73.53%和49.44%,表明所提方法對自然環(huán)境下綠色柑橘有較好的檢測效果,,為果園自動化生產(chǎn)和機(jī)器人采摘的視覺檢測提供了技術(shù)支持,。

    Abstract:

    China is one of the main planting sites of citrus. Since citrus is the economic pillar of farmers from many producing regions and the raw ingredients of many fruit processing facilities, there is a strong connection between citrus output and economic benefits. The output can influence farmers’ income and facilities’ productivity directly. By estimating the output of citrus, the facilities can analyze the production and marketing situation and adjust the pricing policy in time, which is significant to the macro-control of citrus market. For a long time, the agricultural production in China relies mainly on manual work, which has high labor intensity and low efficiency. A precise visual detection of citrus can estimate the output. Also, it can provide technical support for the citrus picking robot. Therefore, it is of great significance to the study of visual detection of green citrus under natural environment. Green citrus has similar color feature to the background, which makes the visual detection of fruits difficult to be implemented. Based on deep learning technology, the visual detection of green citrus was studied by using faster RCNN. The image acquisition experiment of green citrus was designed firstly. Then 2160 images were acquired and 1500 of them were selected from artificial selection. These 1500 images contained different amounts of fruit, different areas of scale and different illuminating angles. Totally 1200 images were selected randomly as training set. The rest 300 images were left for verification. Then the experimental environment of deep learning was configured, the image acquisition experiment was designed and the sample set of green citrus was set up. Making tuning of hyper-parameters and setting the learning rate as 0.01, batch size as 128 and momentum as 0.9 to train the model. The MAP of test set by using trained model was 85.49%. Comparison experiment of Faster RCNN and Otsu method was conducted under different lighting environments, different sizes of citrus and different amounts of citrus within an image. Defining value F as comparative evaluation index to analyze the detection result of the two methods. The F value of Faster RCNN under different lighting conditions was 77.45%, which was 59.53% when Otsu method was used. The F value of different amounts of citrus were 82.58% and 60.34%. With images of citrus in different sizes, the F values were 73.53% and 49.44%. Results above showed that the given method had better detection result. It can provide technical support for automatic production in orchard and visual detection of picking robot.

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熊俊濤,劉振,湯林越,林睿,卜榕彬,彭紅星.自然環(huán)境下綠色柑橘視覺檢測技術(shù)研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(4):45-52. XIONG Juntao, LIU Zhen, TANG Linyue, LIN Rui, BU Rongbin, PENG Hongxing. Visual Detection Technology of Green Citrus under Natural Environment[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(4):45-52.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-08-29
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-04-10
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