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基于光度立體視覺的蔬菜秧苗葉片形態(tài)測量方法
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(61703048),、北京市優(yōu)秀人才培養(yǎng)資助青年骨干個人項目(2015000020060G134)和北京市農(nóng)林科學(xué)院青年科研基金項目(QNJJ201722)


Measurement Method of Vegetable Seedling Leaf Morphology Based on Photometric Stereo
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    摘要:

    為了實現(xiàn)蔬菜秧苗長勢智能化在線評估,設(shè)計了基于光度立體視覺的蔬菜秧苗葉片曲面形態(tài)測量方法和裝置,,用于對葉片傾角、長度和面積進(jìn)行精確測量,。以15~30d苗齡辣椒秧苗為測量對象,,構(gòu)建了針對其冠層葉片形態(tài)測量的試驗裝置,。根據(jù)4組光源在標(biāo)定球表面成像的反射關(guān)系組合方程,標(biāo)定其對秧苗葉片的照射向量,;以D65白色標(biāo)準(zhǔn)板為參考,采用圖像RGB分量線性矯正的方法,,對不同方位光源輻射強(qiáng)度差異進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償,,克服光源強(qiáng)度波動對葉片圖像明暗信息的影響。根據(jù)葉片在不同方位光源照射下圖像的明暗特征,,基于光度立體視覺獲取主葉脈區(qū)域離散梯度信息,,在此基礎(chǔ)上采用最小二乘方法擬合葉片空間平面,以恢復(fù)葉片空間傾斜信息,,進(jìn)一步結(jié)合葉片圖像尺寸測算其實際長度和面積,。試驗結(jié)果表明,視覺系統(tǒng)對秧苗傾角,、葉片長度和面積的測量結(jié)果與人工測量結(jié)果相比平均偏差分別為6.29°,、3.82mm、56.53mm2,,葉片長度和面積與人工測量結(jié)果的決定系數(shù)R2分別為0.9363,、0.8664,且對于葉片伸展充分,、無遮擋的幼齡秧苗測量精度較高,,可為進(jìn)一步開發(fā)溫室苗床秧苗長勢在線監(jiān)測設(shè)備提供重要技術(shù)支撐。

    Abstract:

    In order to achieve the on-line nondestructive assessment for vegetable seedling growth, the method and device for measuring the seedling’s leaf spatial morphology based on photometric stereo vision was introduced, and the morphology information, including seedling leaf’s inclination angle, length and size. The 15~30d pepper seedlings were adopted as research objects, and the test device for measuring their canopy leaves was built, which involved the four different LED lights’ orientation calibration and the image color’s linear correction referring to the D65 palette’s color variation under the various illumination. According to the light reflexive relation on the calibration ball from the LED lights to the camera, the spatial orientations of illuminants under the camera coordinate were determined. And the image color correction was supposed to overcome the color distortion caused from the lights’ luminance fluctuation. According to the seedling leaves’ light-shadow feature under various illuminants, the discrete gradient information along the leaf’s main vein was obtained based on photometric stereo vision. And referring to the gradients vectors, the leaf’s space plane was fit by adopting the least-square principle. The leaf’s inclination angle was measured as the angle between the fitting plane and camera imaging plane, thus the actual spatial leaf size also could be accurately measured on the basis of the image size. As the test result shown, compared with the manual measurement result, the auto-measurement method had an average errors of 6.29° for leaf inclination angle, 3.82mm for leaf length, and 56.53mm2 for leaf size, and the determination coefficients on the length and leaf size measurement were 0.9363 and 0.8664, respectively. Besides, the measuring result would be more accurate for the younger seedling with fully-opened and unoverlapped leaves. 

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馮青春,陳建,李翠玲,范鵬飛,王秀.基于光度立體視覺的蔬菜秧苗葉片形態(tài)測量方法[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報,2018,49(5):43-50. FENG Qingchun, CHEN Jian, LI Cuiling, FAN Pengfei, WANG Xiu. Measurement Method of Vegetable Seedling Leaf Morphology Based on Photometric Stereo[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(5):43-50.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-02-26
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-05-10
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