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基于變尺度格網(wǎng)索引與機器學(xué)習(xí)的行道樹靶標點云識別
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國家林業(yè)局948項目(2015-4-56),、江蘇省基礎(chǔ)研究計劃-青年基金項目(BK20170930)和國家自然科學(xué)基金面上項目(61473156)


Point Cloud Recognition of Street Tree Target Based on Variable-scale Grid Index and Machine Learning
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    摘要:

    針對行道樹連續(xù)噴霧施藥方式嚴重污染環(huán)境,,果園對靶施藥技術(shù)難以推廣至復(fù)雜城區(qū)環(huán)境等問題,應(yīng)用車載2D LiDAR獲取街道三維點云數(shù)據(jù),,研究行道樹靶標識別方法,。構(gòu)建變尺度格網(wǎng)點云索引結(jié)構(gòu),,實現(xiàn)鄰域快速搜索及點云在線處理;提取高程,、深度,、密度、協(xié)方差矩陣等11個點云球域特征,,分析特征分布特性,,采用基于徑向基核函數(shù)的支持向量機算法融合特征,學(xué)習(xí)樹冠點云分類器,;采用FIFO緩沖區(qū)保存點云幀序列,,實現(xiàn)行道樹靶標在線識別,。實驗結(jié)果表明,該方法能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)行道樹靶標精確識別,,在測試集上的分類錯誤率小于0.8%,,檢出率大于99.4%,虛警率小于0.9%,,鑒別力最強的4個特征從高到低依次是高程均值,、深度均值、高程范圍和高程方差

    Abstract:

    Street tree continuous spray methods cause serious environmental pollution, however, the existing target spray technologies for tree are difficult to extend to complex urban environment. Aiming at the above problems, recognition method of street tree target was studied, which obtained the information of crown position and distance in real time and provided an accurate spraying basis for street tree toward-target spraying. The research results would improve the intelligent level of medical equipment for prevention and control of street tree and provide theoretical and technical support for street tree pest control, which had low injection, fine spraying, less pollution and high efficiency. Vehicle-borne 2D LiDAR was used to capture 3D point cloud data of street, and variable-scale grid index of point cloud was constructed to process point cloud data online and search neighborhood fast. Height, depth, density and covariance matrix features were extracted from spherical neighborhood of point cloud data, and an 11-dimensional feature vector was constructed. Distribution characteristics of features were analyzed and support vector machine algorithm based on the radial basis kernel function was used to fuse features and learn a point cloud classifier of crown. FIFO buffer was used to save point cloud frame sequences, and then street tree target can be recognized on-line. The classification error rate on the test set was less than 0.8%, with a detection rate more than 99.4% and a false alarm rate less than 0.9%. Four most discriminative features were selected, which were height mean, depth mean, height range and height variance.

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李秋潔,鄭加強,周宏平,陶冉,束義平.基于變尺度格網(wǎng)索引與機器學(xué)習(xí)的行道樹靶標點云識別[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(6):32-37. LI Qiujie, ZHENG Jiaqiang, ZHOU Hongping, TAO Ran, SHU Yiping. Point Cloud Recognition of Street Tree Target Based on Variable-scale Grid Index and Machine Learning[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):32-37.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-06
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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