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液肥深施機差動式雙向供肥分配裝置設(shè)計與試驗
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國家自然科學(xué)基金項目（51675093）


Design and Experiment of Differential-type Bidirectional Distribution Device for Fertilizer Supply for Deep-fertilizer Liquid Fertilizer Application
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    摘要:

    針對深施型液態(tài)施肥機分配器工作效率低及液肥能量損失大問題，設(shè)計了與斜置式扎穴機構(gòu)相配套的差動式雙向供肥分配裝置,。為了避免差動式雙向供肥分配裝置與斜置式扎穴機構(gòu)之間連接的軟管發(fā)生纏繞,，采用雙行星輪-內(nèi)齒圈組合機構(gòu)的傳動原理，并根據(jù)斜置式扎穴機構(gòu)噴肥針肥路接口的運動特性,，確定差動式雙向供肥分配裝置各組件的傳動比,；為滿足噴肥針入出土即刻噴肥特性，進行了差動式雙向供肥分配裝置空間凸輪的設(shè)計,，得到相應(yīng)的結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)：推程運動角31.8°,、回程運動角25.6°、平均圓柱半徑100mm,、行程最大值6mm,。對行星輪進行運動學(xué)分析,得到行星輪的運動軌跡方程。進行差動式雙向供肥分配裝置性能試驗,，記錄在一個工作周期內(nèi)差動式雙向供肥分配裝置與斜置式扎穴機構(gòu)每次間隔旋轉(zhuǎn)45°時的輸肥軟管運動狀態(tài),，驗證軟管會否發(fā)生纏繞；以液壓泵壓力為影響因子,，分別測得不同水平下每5s內(nèi)的施肥量,，求得噴肥針與液壓泵出口處的流速，并得到差動式雙向供肥分配裝置液肥能量損失值及節(jié)能損失規(guī)律,，分配裝置具有高效率的噴肥性能,。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the problems that low working efficiency and energy loss of liquid fertilizer of distributor for deep-fertilization liquid fertilizer applicator，the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply that matched pricking hole mechanism for oblique type was designed. In order to avoid the winding of connecting hoses between the differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type, the mechanism transmission principle that consisted of double planetary gears and annular gear was employed, and the transmission ratio of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was obtained based on the movement characteristics of spray fertilizer needle hoses couler of pricking hole mechanism for oblique type;the space-cam of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was designed to meet the characteristic that spray fertilizer needle sprayed liquid fertilizer, and the structure parameters of device were obtained, i.e., the upon movement angle of space-cam was 31.8°, the down movement angle of space-cam was 25.6°, base circle radius of space-cam was 100mm and the maximum value of space-cam stroke was 6mm. The kinematics of double planetary gears was analyzed, and the motion trajectory equation of planetary gears was obtained. The performance experiment of differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply was done. The hose status was recorded between differential-type bidirectional distribution device for fertilizer supply and pricking hole mechanism for oblique type when the device worked at each time interval of 45°rotation, the connecting hoses that did not twine were verified;the pressure of hydraulic pump as the influence factor, the amounts of liquid fertilizer were measured per 5s at different levels, the flow velocity of injection needle and hydraulic pump outlet were obtained, the rule of energy loss, value of energy loss for the device and the higher efficiency to spray liquid fertilizer of the device were obtained.

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王金武,周文琪,白海超,王金峰,黃會男,王忠波.液肥深施機差動式雙向供肥分配裝置設(shè)計與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(6):105-111. WANG Jinwu, ZHOU Wenqi, BAI Haichao, WANG Jinfeng, HUANG Huinan, WANG Zhongbo. Design and Experiment of Differential-type Bidirectional Distribution Device for Fertilizer Supply for Deep-fertilizer Liquid Fertilizer Application[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):105-111.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-05
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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