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不同噴灌施氮頻率下冬小麥產(chǎn)量和氮素利用研究
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國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YFD0201502)和國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51621061)


Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Winter Wheat under Different Nitrogen Application Frequencies with Sprinkler Irrigation System
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    摘要:

    為了研究圓形噴灌機(jī)水肥一體化條件下不同施氮頻率對(duì)冬小麥生長(zhǎng),、產(chǎn)量,、植株氮素利用及土壤硝態(tài)氮含量變化的影響,試驗(yàn)設(shè)置4個(gè)施氮頻率(拔節(jié)期1次,,拔節(jié)期和灌漿期2次,,返青期、拔節(jié)期和灌漿期3次,,返青期,、拔節(jié)期,、開花期和灌漿期4次施肥),開展2年田間試驗(yàn),。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:施氮頻率從1次增加至4次對(duì)冬小麥產(chǎn)量影響顯著,,其中4次處理產(chǎn)量最高(分別為9128.5、9092.3kg/hm2),;對(duì)不同生育階段的生物量分配有顯著影響,,同時(shí)冬小麥?zhǔn)斋@指數(shù)、蛋白質(zhì)產(chǎn)量和氮肥偏生產(chǎn)力有顯著提高,;此外0~40cm土層土壤的硝態(tài)氮含量在冬小麥生育期保持較高水平,。綜合來(lái)看,建議冬小麥圓形噴灌機(jī)水肥一體作業(yè)時(shí)采取基肥和4次追氮的施肥管理方案,。

    Abstract:

    In 2014—2015 and 2015—2016, a field experiment was conducted at Tongzhou Experimental Station of China Agricultural University, Beijing, to study the effects of nitrogen application frequencies on the yield and nitrogen utilization of winter wheat under fertigation with a center pivot system. The experiment set one time at jointing stage (T1), two times at jointing and filling stages (T2), three times at recovering, jointing and filling stages (T3), and four times at recovering, jointing, flowering and filling stages (T4), with consistency of irrigation and nitrogen rates during the whole growth period of winter wheat. The effects of nitrogen application frequencies on yield, ground biomass, plant nitrogen utilization, the grain protein content of winter wheat and the dynamic variation of soil nitrate content were evaluated. The two-year results showed that nitrogen application frequencies had a significant effect on the yield of winter wheat and the treatment T4 obtained the highest yield (9128.5kg/hm2 and 9092.3kg/hm2, respectively). No significant differences existed in total biomass of winter wheat between nitrogen application frequencies, while the distribution of biomass was affected significantly by nitrogen application frequencies in different growth periods. The treatment T4 greatly increased the harvest index, protein yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity of winter wheat. The soil nitrate content in depth of 0~40cm exceeded the average value when nitrogen was applied with low rates and high frequency during the whole growth period of winter wheat. Comprehensively, the fertilizer management of adopting base fertilizer and nitrogen application of treatment T4 was suggested during the growth period of winter wheat under center pivot irrigation system.

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蔡?hào)|玉,周麗麗,顧濤,嚴(yán)海軍.不同噴灌施氮頻率下冬小麥產(chǎn)量和氮素利用研究[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(6):278-286. CAI Dongyu, ZHOU Lili, GU Tao, YAN Haijun. Yield and Nitrogen Utilization of Winter Wheat under Different Nitrogen Application Frequencies with Sprinkler Irrigation System[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(6):278-286.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-12-27
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-06-10
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