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聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)脫粒滾筒凹板間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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國家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2016YFD0702004)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目(51705212)


Design and Experiment on Adjusting Mechanism of Concave Clearance of Combine Harvester Cylinder
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    摘要:

    為解決聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)在田間作業(yè)時(shí)因喂入量波動而導(dǎo)致作業(yè)性能下降及脫粒滾筒堵塞等問題,用凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力表征脫粒滾筒負(fù)荷,,設(shè)計(jì)了由凹板間隙調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)和凹板篩后側(cè)油壓力采集系統(tǒng)組成的脫粒滾筒負(fù)荷監(jiān)測和凹板間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置,。田間試驗(yàn)中,采用油壓傳感器測量凹板篩后側(cè)油壓力,,并通過STM32單片機(jī)對測得的油壓信號進(jìn)行采集并保存,,分別分析了喂入量和凹板間隙對油壓力以及脫粒分離性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,,凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力和脫粒分離損失率隨喂入量增大而增大,,喂入量從3.4kg/s增大到6.0kg/s時(shí),凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力從732N增加到1114N,,脫粒分離總損失率由0.54%增加到1.08%,。在額定喂入量為6.0kg/s條件下,凹板篩后側(cè)左右兩個(gè)油缸的油壓波動范圍為450~660N,,且兩側(cè)油缸壓力一致,。另外,凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力隨凹板間隙增大而減小,脫粒分離總損失率隨著凹板間隙的增大而增大,,凹板間隙從35mm增大到45mm時(shí),,凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力從1114N降到758N,脫粒分離總損失率由1.08%增加到1.31%,。在喂入量為6.0kg/s,、凹板間隙為35mm時(shí),脫粒分離總損失率僅為1.08%,,整機(jī)性能最佳,,此時(shí)凹板篩后側(cè)油缸油壓力的變化范圍為900~1320N。

    Abstract:

    To solve problems, such as threshing cylinder blockage and the decline of operating performance caused by feeding rates fluctuation in the field, the device for adjusting concave clearance and monitoring threshing cylinder load was designed. The designed device and system consisted of concave clearance adjusting system and the oil pressure monitoring system on the rear side of the concave. The oil pressure on the rear side of the concave was used to reflect the threshing cylinder load. During the field test, the oil pressure on the rear side of concave was monitored. The STM32 microcontroller was used to collect and preserve the signal of oil pressure signal on the rear side of concave. During the field test, the relationship between the oil pressure and the feeding rates was analyzed. The influence of concave clearance on the oil pressure on the rear side of concave was analyzed in detail. The results verified that the designed concave clearance adjustment device can adjust the concave clearance rapidly and stably. The displacement sensor can display concave clearance in realtime. The adjustment range of concave clearance was 35~60mm, the speed of the hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted in the range of 0~10mm/s. The oil pressure on the rear side of the concave tended to increase with the increase of feeding rates. The function relationship between the oil pressure on the rear side of the concave and the feed rates was obtained by analyzing the obtained experimental data, and the corresponding correlation coefficient was 0.9813, which indicated that the function was consistent with the theoretical analysis. It was verified that the threshing and separating loss was increased with the increase of feeding rates. More concretely, when the feeding rate was increased from 3.4kg/s to 6.0kg/s, the oil pressure on the rear side of the concave was increased from 732N to 1114N, and the threshing and separating loss was increased from 0.54% to 1.08%. Under the rated feeding rates (6.0kg/s), when the crop was evenly fed, the hydraulic pressure of the left and right cylinders was fluctuated in the range of 450~660N, the pressure change of the left and right cylinder was consistent with each other. The oil pressure on the rear side of concave tended to decrease as the concave clearance was increased. The threshing and separating loss was increased as the increase of concave clearance. In case that the concave clearance was increased from 35mm to 45mm, the oil pressure on rear side of concave was decreased from 1114N to 758N, and the threshing and separating loss was increased from 1.08% to 1.31%. It proved that it was feasible to reduce the threshing cylinder load by increasing the concave clearance. Under the conditions that the feeding rate was 6.0kg/s and concave clearance was 35mm, the threshing and separating system had the best performance, the corresponding pressure on rear side of concave was 900~1320N. The concave clearance adjust device can achieve a fast and stable regulation which provided a scientific basis for adjusting the concave clearance automatically according to the load of threshing cylinder load.

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李耀明,王建鵬,徐立章,唐忠,徐正華,王克玖.聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)脫粒滾筒凹板間隙調(diào)節(jié)裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(8):68-75. LI Yaoming, WANG Jianpeng, XU Lizhang, TANG Zhong, XU Zhenghua, WANG Kejiu. Design and Experiment on Adjusting Mechanism of Concave Clearance of Combine Harvester Cylinder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):68-75.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-24
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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