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基于脈動(dòng)燃燒技術(shù)的土壤消毒蒸汽發(fā)生裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)
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“十二五”國(guó)家科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD08B04)和江蘇省研究生培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新工程項(xiàng)目(KYLX15_0899)


Design and Experiment of Soil Disinfection Steam Generator Based on Pulse Combustion Technology
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    摘要:

    為解決設(shè)施園藝土壤蒸汽消毒的蒸汽來源問題,設(shè)計(jì)了基于脈動(dòng)燃燒技術(shù)的蒸汽發(fā)生裝置,。該裝置主要由脈動(dòng)燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)和鍋體兩部分組成,脈動(dòng)燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)作為熱源,其主體浸沒在鍋體內(nèi)部水中,。通過功率計(jì)算,在飽和蒸汽壓力為0.6MPa條件下滿足130kg/h蒸汽產(chǎn)量需要功率107.12kW,,8組脈動(dòng)燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)可以滿足功率需求,。設(shè)計(jì)了雙化油器脈動(dòng)燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),兩只化油器同時(shí)進(jìn)油,、進(jìn)氣,,通過“Y”型喉管連接,燃燒室呈圓柱形,尾管由3根螺旋管并聯(lián)組成,。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,,脈動(dòng)燃燒發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在空氣中和水中均具有良好的啟動(dòng)性和工作穩(wěn)定性,在空氣中工作頻率保持在90.80~90.89Hz之間,,平均頻率90.86Hz,,在水中工作頻率保持在87.27~87.81Hz之間,平均頻率為87.51Hz,。額定工況和非額定工況下,,蒸汽發(fā)生裝置熱效率分別為95.5%、95.8%,。額定工況下蒸汽產(chǎn)量150kg/h,、油耗9.7kg/h、功率110.8kW,、尾氣溫度108℃,、過量空氣系數(shù)1.026,,滿足土壤蒸汽消毒蒸汽量的要求,。

    Abstract:

    Protected horticulture industry has developed rapidly in China in recent years. With the continuous development, a series of problems have arisen, which resulted in a huge loss in protected horticulture industry. For example, simplifying varieties, high multiple crop index and fertilizer overspending can lead to terrible results on the soil, like salts accumulation, disorder of soil physical and chemical properties, soilborn disease and insects, autotoxicity of crops, and so on, which called continuous cropping obstacle. The preferred manner to deal with continuous cropping obstacle is soil steam disinfection because of its great advantages compared with chemical disinfection. For example, with high temperature steam as disinfection medium, it can ensure that no pesticide residue on food. Besides, it can also effectively regulate soil physical and chemical properties, improve soil respiration ability and prevent soil hardening. To solve the problem of steam supply in soil steam disinfestation, a steam generator based on pulse combustion technology was designed. The power of 107.12kW was needed when the yield of the steam generator was 130kg/h with the pressure of 0.6MPa. It was mainly composed of two parts: the pulse combustion engine and the pot body. The steam generator utilized four pulse combustion engines which worked in parallel, and the main parts were immersed in the water in the pot body. Each pulse combustion utilized two carburetors for oil and air supply, which were connected to combustion chamber with “Y”shaped throat. Three helical tubes worked in parallel as tailpipe. Fins were adhered to the inner wall of decoupling chamber, and angel steel was adhered to the outer wall. Experiment results showed that the pulse combustion engine had great start-up performance and working stability both in the air and water. The working frequency was tested both in the air and water. The working frequency of pulse combustion engine in the air was kept between 90.80Hz and 90.89Hz, and the average frequency was 90.86Hz. In the water, the working frequency of pulse combustion engine was kept between 87.27Hz and 87.81Hz, and the average frequency was 87.51Hz. The thermal efficiencies of the steam generator under the rated and non-rated operating conditions were 95.5% and 95.8% respectively, and the difference was less than 0.3%. Under the rated operating conditions, steam production, oil consumption and power of the steam generator were 150kg/h, 9.7kg/h, 110.8kW, respectively. Besides, tail gas temperature and excess air coefficient were 108℃ and 1.026, respectively. The steam generator can meet the requirement of steam in soil steam disinfection quite well. The research provided a reference for the research and development of the soil steam disinfection machine used in protected horticulture industry.

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潘四普,周宏平,蔣雪松,陳青,李萍萍.基于脈動(dòng)燃燒技術(shù)的土壤消毒蒸汽發(fā)生裝置設(shè)計(jì)與試驗(yàn)[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào),2018,49(8):301-307. PAN Sipu, ZHOU Hongping, JIANG Xuesong, CHEN Qing, LI Pingping. Design and Experiment of Soil Disinfection Steam Generator Based on Pulse Combustion Technology[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(8):301-307.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-04-02
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-08-10
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