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玉米秸稈深埋還田機螺旋開溝裝置參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗
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公益性行業(yè)(農(nóng)業(yè))科研專項(201503116-09)和國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(51275318)


Parameter Optimization and Experiment for Spiral Type Opener Device of Maize Straw Deep Bury and Returning Machine
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    摘要:

    在中國東北地區(qū)棕壤土玉米的生產(chǎn)過程中,,通過秸稈深埋還田的方法,打破犁底層,,在增加深層土壤肥力,、蓄水保墑和構(gòu)建合理耕層結(jié)構(gòu)的同時,解決了秸稈有效處理問題,。1JHL-2型秸稈深埋還田機能夠?qū)Ω采w在地表的秸稈一次性完成粉碎,、收集、開溝和掩埋作業(yè),。為了解決其開溝阻力大,、整機受力不均和前進直線性差等問題,對其螺旋開溝裝置進行了參數(shù)優(yōu)化設(shè)計,。針對開溝過程中葉片易粘土堵塞等問題,,對螺旋開溝裝置的螺旋葉片表面進行了仿生優(yōu)化設(shè)計。通過動力學(xué)分析,,確定出螺旋開溝裝置的最佳結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù),。以玉米秸稈深埋率、開溝功耗和機組直線行駛最大偏移量為試驗指標,,以機具前進速度,、開溝器轉(zhuǎn)速和開溝深度為試驗因素,,進行三元二次回歸正交旋轉(zhuǎn)組合試驗,。試驗結(jié)果表明:螺旋開溝器的最佳工作參數(shù)組合為:前進速度1.04m/s,、開溝器轉(zhuǎn)速275r/min、開溝深度28.5cm,。在最優(yōu)參數(shù)組合下,,田間試驗驗證表明:秸稈深埋率的均值為92.03%,開溝功耗均值為17.7kW,,機組直線行駛最大偏移量為74mm,,滿足玉米秸稈深埋還田技術(shù)要求。

    Abstract:

    During the process of maize production in brown soil in northeast of China, the method of deep burial straw returning can break the plow pan, increase the fertility of deep soil, store water, retain soil moisture and construct a reasonable plough layer structure. Besides, it also solved the problem of effective treatment of straw. The 1JHL-2 type deep burial straw returning machine can complete crushing, collecting, trenching and burying operation of straw that covered the surface at one time. In order to solve the problems such as large ditching resistance, uneven force of whole machine and poor linearity of advancement, the parameter optimization design was carried out on spiral type opener. For the problems of sticking with the soil and blocking easily during ditching, bionic optimization design was applied on the spiral blade surface. Through the kinetic analysis on spiral type opener device, the optimal structural parameters were finally determined. Taking the deep burial rate of straw, power consumption of trenching and maximum deviation of straight travel of the machine as experimental indexes, the forward velocity, rotate speed of spiral type opener and ditching depth as experimental factors, quadratic regression orthogonal rotational combing design with three factors was also used. The experimental results showed that forward velocity of 1.04m/s, rotate speed of 275r/min and ditching depth of 28.5cm were the best parameter combination of working performance. With the optimal parameter combination, the average rate of straw deep burial reached 92.03%, the average power consumption of trenching was 17.7kW and the maximum deviation of straight travel was 74mm, which were verified experimentally in field and met the technical requirements.

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高文英,林 靜,李寶筏,馬 鐵.玉米秸稈深埋還田機螺旋開溝裝置參數(shù)優(yōu)化與試驗[J].農(nóng)業(yè)機械學(xué)報,2018,49(9):45-54. GAO Wenying, LIN Jing, LI Baofa, MA Tie. Parameter Optimization and Experiment for Spiral Type Opener Device of Maize Straw Deep Bury and Returning Machine[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):45-54.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-05-04
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2018-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-09-10
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